History of the National Weather Service

History of the National Weather Service

Diyora RAXMONOVA

The Visual Crossing global weather database provides easy access to decades of historical weather data, model-based 15-day forecasts, and long-range weather patterns based on statistical climate modeling. This allows our weather engine to quickly and easily provide the weather data that you need for any project worldwide.
Our weather engine processes billions of hourly and sub-hourly weather observations from more than one hundred thousand worldwide observation stations including satellite and maritime sources to create our global weather observation database. Every weather report is analyzed for errors, missing information, and other anomalies to ensure that the most complete and accurate reports are retained.
The weather engine then aggregates and interpolates from these records to create the most accurate weather report for any location at any time in the past 50 years. This enables you to view historical weather reports at whatever locations and resolutions you need to satisfy any weather project. Whether you need historical weather by ZIP Code or climate data by address, our vast historical weather data archive has the data that you seek. As the response to a single query, our engine can combine hundreds of local weather station records to produce a single, coherent weather report.

Our 15-day forecast is created using detailed forecast models from leading weather services such as NOAA and the DWD. This ensures global coverage in every city and address your project may need. Our weather forecasts offer hourly detail and daily summaries for a full 15-days. For projects that need even longer-range forecasts, our climate-based forecasts provide weather norms and patterns for any day of the year.

• Our 15-day forecast is created using detailed forecast models from leading weather services such as NOAA and the DWD. This ensures global coverage in every city and address your project may need. Our weather forecasts offer hourly detail and daily summaries for a full 15-days. For projects that need even longer-range forecasts, our climate-based forecasts provide weather norms and patterns for any day of the year.
• Despite this power, Visual Crossing Weather is the easiest-to-use and most accessible weather data service available. Access is available through our web-based data explorer page, data science integrations, and Weather API. How-to articles, videos, and code samples are available for many business and analytical tools as well as most programming languages.

In the early modern era important tools as the thermometer (Galileo) and the Barometer (Torricelli) were invented. New gauges and close observation networks provided more exact and more complete meteorological data in the 17 and 18 Century. Temperature scales were introduced; better tools to measure humidity and wind were developed. From 1780 the “Palatine Meteorological Society” installed weather stations around the world. For the first time weather observations were made possible with standard measurement instruments at the same local times.
Today computers help to process the weather predictions. That is partly due to the findings of the Norwegian Vilhelm Bjerknes. In 1904 he publishes a paper in a magazine explaining that the dynamic processes of the weather are based on exact laws of nature. In the 50s of the 20th Century, the first numerical predictions began using computers. They could successfully predict the large-scale displacement of Rossby waves in the middle latitudes, and thus the development of highs and lows.
Even if today we subjectively still feel that weather forecasts are not precise enough the latest measuring instruments for detecting humidity, wind speeds and temperatures do provide more accurate data. These are needed in agriculture, for the road weather forecast or the production of renewable energies. Lufft is glad to be actively involved in this development. The instruments of Lufft already make high accuracy data available and help customers worldwide to predict weather patterns accurately.
Once again technology provided the means with which to test the new scientific ideas and stimulate yet newer ones. During the late 1920s and ’30s, several groups of investigators (those headed by Yrjö Väisälä of Finland and Pavel Aleksandrovich Malchanov of the Soviet Union, for example) began using small radio transmitters with balloon-borne instruments, eliminating the need to recover the instruments and speeding up access to the upper-air data.
Forecasters are able to produce synoptic weather maps of the upper atmosphere twice each day on the basis of radiosonde observations. While new methods of upper-air measurement have been developed, the primary synoptic clock times for producing upper-air maps are still the radiosonde-observation times—namely, 0000 (midnight) and 1200 (noon) Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Furthermore, modern computer-based forecasts use 0000 and 1200 GMT as the starting times from which they calculate the changes that are at the heart of modern forecasts. It is, in effect, the synoptic approach carried out in a different way, intimately linked to the radiosonde networks developed during the 1930s and ’40s.