I bob. Boshlang’ich sinflarda geometrik materialni o’qitishning nazariy asoslari

1-sinfda o’quvchi shakllarning nomini aytib, ushbu shakllarni daftariga chizishni aytadi. O’lchov birliklarining to’liq va qisqa nomini bilishlari kerak.

Masalan

1. 
   Nuqta, kesma, siniq chiziq, bir santimetr (sm), to’g’ri chiziq, egri chiziq
   
2. 
   Uchburchak, to’g’ri to’rtburchak, ixtiyoriy to’rtburchak, doira.
   
3. 
   Metr (m), detsimetr (dm), beshburchak, 1 m=100 sm, 1dm=10 sm
   

2 – sinf

Burchak, to’g’ri burchak, to’g’ri to’rtburchak, perimetr, siniq chiziq, kesma, kvadrat.

1. 
   aylana, doira, santimetr (sm), AB kesma, to’g’ri burchakdan kichik burchak, millimetr (mm), 1 sm=10 mm.
   
2. 
   To’g’ri burchakdan katta burchak, radius, doira ichida yotgan nuqta, doira tashqarisida yotgan nuqta.
   
3. 
   Radiusi 3 sm li doira, shaklning yuzi, 1 dm = 10 sm= 100 mm, P=16sm, 14dm=140 sm, 15mm=1sm 5 mm, 24 sm=2 dm 4 sm, ko’pburchak.
   

3 – sinf

1. Perimetr (P), doira, ko’pburchak, kesma, egri chiziq, siniq chiziq, metr, teng yonli uchburchak.

2. Teng tomonli uchburchak, ixtiyoriy uchburchak, to’g’ri to’rtburchak, santimetr (sm), millimetr (mm), 3 sm li kesma. CD kesma, 1 m=100sm=10dm.

3. To’g’ri to’rtburchakning AB tomoni 3 sm, BS tomoni 4 sm uning perimetri necha sm? Ko’pburchak, yuza, to’g’ri burchakli uchburchak, radiusi 3 sm li aylana.

4. To’g’ri burchak, kesma, metr (m), santimetr (sm), beshburchak, aylana, perimetr (P), uchburchakning AB tomoni 3 sm, BS tomoni 4 sm, SA tomoni 5 smga teng. Uning perimetrini toping.
4 – sinf
1. Kesma, siniq chiziq, aylana, doira, to’g’ri to’rtburchak, uchburchak, o’tkir burchak, o’tmas burchak, to’g’ri burchak, yoyiq burchak.
2. Teng yonli uchburchak, teng tomonli uchburchak, ixtiyoriy uchburchak, to’g’ri burchakli uchburchak, perimetr (P), santimetr (sm), detsimetr (dm), metr (m).

3. Kilometr (km), to’g’ri chiziq, 10 sm li kesma, 10 dm=100sm=1000 mm, perimetri 10 sm ga teng to’g’ri to’rtburchak chizing.

4. Uchburchak, to’rtburchak, beshburchak, doira, kilometr (km), santimetr (sm), kvadrat, siniq chiziq, har bir bo’lagi 3 sm dan iborat uch bo’limdan iborat siniq chiziq chizing.

Diktantni o’tkazishdan 1 kun oldin o’quvchilarni ogohlantirish kerak. O’quvchilarning yonida barcha o’quv qurollari shu jumladan chizmachilik asboblari bo’lishi zarur.

Olingan bilimlarning mustahkamlashning va tekshirishning yana bir usuli testdir.

Geometrik testlar – bu masalalar to’plami emas, balki maxsus vazifalar to’plami bo’lib, ular shunday tuzilganki o’quvchi maktab dasturidan nimani va qay darajada egallaganini tekshiruvchi omildir.

Biz quyida 3-4 sinflar uchun geometriya elamentlari bo’yicha testlarga misollar keltiramiz.