I’d prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema. Men kinoteatrga borishdan ko’ra uyda qolishni afzal ko’raman

UNIT 55



A). Biz PREFER +TO+V va PREFER +V ing birikmalarining ikkalasini ham umumiy tarzda nimani afzal ko’rishimizni aytganda ishlatamiz. Ammo PREFER + TO + V birikmasi ko’proq ishlatiladi.
I don’t like cities. I prefer to live ( prefer living) in the country.
S + PREFER + DOING + TO +DOING. I prefer driving to walking. Men yurishdan ko’ra mashina haydashni afzal ko’raman
S + PREFER +DOING STH + TO +DOING STH. I prefer reading books to watching TV. Men telvizor ko’rishdan ko’ra kitoblar o’qishni afzal ko’raman.
S + PREFER + STH + TO + STH. I prefer the blue coat to the red coat. Men qizil paltodan ko’ra ko’k paltoni afzal ko’raman.
(Bu formulada TO - DAN KO’RA tarjimasida predlog vazifasida kelayapdi. Shuning uchun TO dan so’ng V ing kelayapdi.
RATHER THAN + V - [RAZE ZEN] – DAN KO’RA
S + PREFER + TO + V + RATHER THAN + V. Tom prefers to drive rather than travel by train. Tom poyezd orqali sayohat qilishdan ko’ra mashina haydashni afzal ko’radi.
Agar RATHER THAN dan keyin kelgan fe’l undan oldin kelgan fe’l bilan bir xil bo’lsa, unda ikkinchi fe’lni ishlatsak ham ishlatmasak ham bo’ladi.
I prefer to live in the country rather than (live) in a city. Men shaharda yashashdan ko’ra qishloqda yashashni afzal ko’raman.
B). Biz WOULD PREFER TO DO / WOULD PREFER NOUN larni kimdir biror narsani ma’lum bir vaziyatda xohlashini aytganda ishlatiladi.
Would you prefer tea or coffee? Coffee, please. Shall we go by train? I’d prefer to go by car.
S + WOULD PREFER + TO + V + STH + RATHER THAN + (V) + STH. Agar bu formulada ham ikkinchi fe’l birinchi fe’ldek bir xil bo’lsa ikkinchi fe’lni ishlatmasak ham bo’ladi.
I’d prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema. Men kinoteatrga borishdan ko’ra uyda qolishni afzal ko’raman.
C). WOULD RATHER DO – [VUD RAZE DU]-BAJARISHNI AFZAL KO’RMOQ Biz mazkur birikmani ham TO infinitivisiz kimdir biror narsani ma’lum bir vaziyatda afzal ko’rishini aytganda ishlatamiz. WOULD RATHER DO == WOULD PREFER TO DO teng.
Shall we go by train? Well, I’d prefer to go by car. Well, I would rather go by car.
S + WOULD RATHER + V+ STH + THAN + (V) + STH. Ushbu formulada ham ikkinchi fe’lning ishlatilishi birinchi fe’lga bog’liq. Bundan tashqari WOULD RATHER birikmasi ishlatilganda biror narsani boshqa bir narsaga taqqoslayotganda THAN-[ZEN]-DAN KO’RA ni ishlatamiz.
I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. Kinoteatrga borishdan ko’ra uyda qolishni afzal ko’raman.
D). WOULD RATHER SB DO STH qachonki kimnidir biror narsani bajarishini xohlaganimizda ishlatamiz. Bunda biz O’TGAN ZAMONni ishlatamiz ammo ma’no HOZIRI yoki KELASI zamonda bo’ladi.
I would rather you cooked the dinner now. Men hozir sizni kechki ovqatni tayyorlashingizni xohlayman.
SOLISHTIRGANDA-----I would rather you didn’t tell anyone what I said. --------------------------------Men aytgan narsani hech kimga aytmasligingni xohlayamn.
SOLISHTIRGANDA-----I would rather cook the dinner now. --------------------------------Men hozir kechki ovqatni pishirishni afzal ko’raman.

UNIT 65 HAD BETTER DO-[HED BETTE DU]-YAXSHISI BAJARISH KERAK
IT’S TIME SB DID STH.-----KIMNIDIR BIROR NARSANI BAJARISH VAQTI BO’LIB KETDI.
A). Biz HAD BETTER DO STH ni xuddi should ga o’xshash maslahat ma’nosida ishlatamiz. Ammo HAD BETTER DO da kimdir biror narsani bajarishi kerak yoki biror narsani bajarish u uchun maqsadga muvofiq, agar bajarmasa, biror yomon xodisa yuz berishi mumkin ma’nosida ishlatamiz.
I have to meet Tom in ten minutes. I had better go now or I’ll be late. Men Tom bilan 10 minutda uchrashishim kerak. Yaxshisi men shoshilishim kerak yoki men kechikaman.
Inkor shakli HAD BETTER NOT DO –YAXSHISI MEN BAJARMASLIGIM KERAK bo’ladi.
You don’t look very well. You had better not go to work today. Siz juda yaxshi ko’rinmaysiz. Yaxshisi siz ishga bormasligingiz kerak.
Aslida formula HAD bilan ifodalangani bilan u o’tgan zamon ma’nosida emas, u hozirgi va kelasi zamon ma’nosida ishlatilayapdi. Shuni sedan chiqarmasligimiz kerakki HAD BETTER har doim TO siz infinitive bilan ifodalanadi.
B). IT’S TIME TO DO STH yoki IT’S TIME FOR SB TO DO STH birikmalarini kimnidir biror yumushni bajarish vaqti bo’ganligini aytganda ishlatamiz.
It’s time to go home. Uyga boorish vaqti bo’ldi. It’s time for us to go home. Biz uchun(bizga) uyga boorish vaqti bo’ldi.
IT’S TIME SB DID STH birikmasini hozirgi va kelasi zamon ma’nosida ishlatamiz garchi kesimi o’tgan zamonda bo’lsada. O’tgan zamon shunchaki ma’noni kuchaytirib kelmoqda.
IT’S TIME SB DID STH birikmasini kimnin gdir biror narsani bajarish vaqti bo’lganligini asosan shikoyat yoki tanqid qilganda kinoya bilan uni bajarish vaqt allaqachon bo’lganligini aytganda ishlatiladi.
It’s time children were in bed. It’s a long after their bedtime. Bolalarning yotoqda bo’lish vaqti bo’lib ketdi. Ularning uxlash vaqti bo’lganiga ancha vaqt bo’ldi.
I think it’s time the government did something about pollution. Men o’ylaymanki hukumat ifloslanish haqida nimadir qiladigan vaqt bo’lib ketdi.
IT’S HIGH TIME SB DID STH-KIMDIR BIROR NARSANI BAJARISHI AYNI VAQTI BO’LDI
IT’S ABOUT TIME SB DID STH-KIMDIR BIROR NARSANI BAJARISHI VAQTI KELDI
Ushbu birikmalarni biror narsani bajarish vaqt bo’lganligining ma’nosini kuchaytirish maqsadida ishlatamiz. Ular asosan shikoyat va tanqid qilganda ishlatiladi.