Appendix 3: Essential Ideas
134
IELTS Essays,
Letters, Graphs, Diagrams & Maps
Have an effect/have no effect
All my efforts to persuade them were beginning to have an effect.
I've been taking these pills for three days, but so far they've had no effect.
Effect on
The death of a parent can have very serious and long-lasting effects on a child.
Have a bad/good effect (on something/somebody)
Any increase in fuel costs could have a bad effect on business.
Consequence of
Pain and illness are sometimes thought to be the unavoidable consequences of
growing old.
Consequence for
If river levels continue to rise, it will have very serious consequences for many
people's homes.
Take/face the consequences
(=accept the bad results of something you do)
People who run up big debts eventually have to face the consequences.
Damaging/dire/disastrous etc consequences
Safety procedures had been ignored, with disastrous consequences.
Implications of
The legal implications of the case are extremely significant.
Implications for
Any change in interest rates has important implications for most people's financial
situation.
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