Ingliz tili

Stock Crash of 1929. This crash, starting on Oct. 24, 1929, saw share prices collapse after a period of wild speculation and borrowing to buy shares. It led to the Great Depression, which was felt worldwide for over a dozen years. Its social impact lasted far longer. One trigger of the crash was a drastic oversupply of commodity crops, which led to a steep decline in prices. A wide range of regulations and market-managing tools were introduced as a result of the crash.

1973 OPEC Oil Crisis. OPEC members started an oil embargo in October 1973 targeting countries that backed Israel in the Yom Kippur War. By the end of the embargo, a barrel of oil stood at $12, up from $3. Given that modern economies depend on oil, the higher prices and uncertainty led to the stock market crash of 1973–74, when a bear market persisted from January 1973 to December 1974 and the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 45% of its value.

Asian Crisis of 1997–1998. This crisis started in July 1997 with the collapse of the Thai baht. Lacking foreign currency, the Thai government was forced to abandon its U.S. dollar peg and let the baht float. The result was huge devaluation that spread to much of East Asia, also hitting Japan, as well as a huge rise in debt-to-GDP ratios. In its wake, the crisis led to better financial regulation and supervision.

The 2007-2008 Global Financial Crisis. This financial crisis was the worst economic disaster since the Stock Market Crash of 1929. It started with a subprime mortgage lending crisis in 2007 and expanded into a global banking crisis with the failure of investment bank Lehman Brothers in September 2008. Huge bailouts and other measures meant to limit the spread of the damage failed and the global economy fell into recession.

New words

Asset – aktiv

Bubonic plague – bubonic vabo

Commodity crops - tovar mahsulotlari

Decline – pasayish

Depression - Depressiya

Devaluation – devalvatsiya, pul qiymatining pasayishi

Embargo – man qilish, ta`qiq

Exacerbate – yomonlashtirmoq

Herd-like – podaga o`xshash

Impact – ta’sir

Legislation – qonunchilik

Liquidity shortage – likvidlik tanqisligi

Oversupply - ortiqcha ta'minot

Overvalue – ortiqcha qiymat

Persist – saqlamoq, qattiq turib olmoq, qaysarlik qilmoq

Precipitate – cho`kmoq, cho`kma

Revolution - Inqilob

Selloff – sotib yubormoq

Stock – aksiya

Subprime mortgage – ikkilamchi ipoteka

Withdraw – chekinmoq

Withdrawal – chekinish

Questions:

1. 
   What is the crisis?
   
2. 
   What are the causes oof the crisis?
   
3. 
   In which way can crises effect to the economy?
   
4. 
   Have you ever seen the crisis?
   
5. 
   Which types of crisis do you know?
   

Proverbs:

1. Prosperity has damned more souls than all the devils together – Pul ko`paysa odam buzilar.

2. Waste not, want net – Pulni ko`p deb sovirma, yo`q vaqti zor bo`lasan.

3. The love of money and the love of learning rarely meet – Pul topguncha aql top.

4. Crime doesn’t pay – O`g`irlik mol boy qilmas.

5. Ask thy purse what thou shouldst buy – Pullikka – kabob, bepulga – dardi kabob.

6. Money has no smell – Pul otang kim, onang kim demaydi.

7. A labour of love – ish qilsang xayrli qil.

8. As you sow, shall you mow – Arpa ekkan arpa olar, bug`doy ekkan bug`doy.

9. All is not gold that glitters – Yaltiroq narsa oltin bo`lavermaydi.

10. Easy come, easy go – Oson kelgan oson ketar.