Innovative techniques of teaching vocabulary in the second language classroom

INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING VOCABULARY IN THE
SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOM


Akramqulova Chehrozaxon Sulaymon qizi
Student
Uzbekistan State World Languages university.


Abstract
It is important to claim that, since English has become an international and dominant source for communicating around the world, the interest of learning this language is increasing dramatically. However individuals can’t use any languages without vocabulary and this article analyses the vocabulary of a language and vocabulary teaching methods and techniques and studies some methods.
Keywords: types of vocabulary, Vocabulary teaching methods , instructor facilities, active vocabulary, passive vocabulary, assesment.,
Since ancient times, humanity is alive with their communication skills and words that they use. The language's vocabulary is like bricks of a high building. Rudyard Kipling says that words are the most powerful drug used by mankind. Additionally it is vital that ,vocabulary is connected with grammar, the receptive (listening and reading) and the productive (speaking and writing) skills. Wilkins rightly says, “Without grammar very little can be conveyed….but without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed” Moreover, learning of vocabulary stays at the center while learning a new language. No matter English being a second language or foreign language, students need to learn vocabulary in the systematic way. If we aim to use language effectively and clearly, we should have wide range of vocabulary. Especially the English language is the richest in words. Thornbury opines: “If you spend most of your time studying grammar, your English will not improve very much. You will see most improvement, if you learn more words and expressions. You can say very little with grammar, but you can say almost anything with words.” According to his point of view , today modern pedagogy has some challenges on developing teaching styles, methods and innovative techniques of vocabulary as well as using words in real life. Because of modern researches ,observations and experiences learners can be instructed by teachers more effectively by teachers and in the following some useful types of methods will be introduced in order to achieve more interesting and qualitative lessons
1. Actual objects and showing models.
This method can bring lots of profits to teach vocabulary to beginners. Students can be taught by showing actual objects which they are learning. It provides real experience and sense to learners. For instance, if they are taught classroom objects, they can be shown chalk, book, pen , pencil, desk, board, bookshelf and etc. Showing real objects and models is very effective and meaningful , by this method pupils can memorize new words easily due to thier actuality.
2. Synonyms.
One of the most suitable ways of improving vocabulary is using synonyms. Using synonym may help students to figure out the different shades of meaning, if the synonym is more common than the word being taught. Synonyms assist to enhance a student's vocabulary bank and provide alternative words instantly. These can be effective since they build on words and phrases that students already recognize.
3. Homonyms
Homophones are words of the same language which are pronounced alike even if they differentiate in spelling, meaning, or origin, such as "die" and "dye". Homonyms may also be spelled alike, as in "bear" (the animal) and "bear" (to carry). But this list only consists of homophones that are not spelled alike. This approach is really important to enrich vocabulary bank of students as well as their pronunciation. In the table there are some examples of homonyms.

Ant/aunt	Eye/I
Ate/eight	Fair/fare
Steal/steel	See/sea

This method is instructional and interesting to utilize during the lessons, because pupils will be hurry to learn how to pronounce them and at the same time, they try to understand their meanings.

4. Role play
Role play is creating a real life situation in the classroom. It is important to improve classroom communication. It gives opportunities to students to practice their communication in different social roles. During role play they will be judged by teachers and they may correct Thier classmates' mistakes in pronunciation. Furthermore, this helps students get rid of fairs in front of people. In 2006 , linguist Blachowicz stated that, “Teachers can introduce some of the words which provide both definitional and contextual information about the words to be learned by making up a dialogue for students so that students can understand a further meaning and usage of the words.”
5. Video
instructors are required to choose a video that contains a series of actions or visual details related to their age, level of knowledge, field of interest, gender, outlook and religion in order to use this approach. Richards said “When vocabulary words are being taught to pupils, teachers need to consider how to teach these words to pupils based on the levels of ages, educational background and field of interest." Then pupils should be provided with a list of vocabulary words which are in the showed video.Moreover, according to statistics the amount of vocabulary that children need to acquire each year, estimated to be about 3,000 words a year. Educators should teach prefixes and suffixes and root words .
Majority of English words have been created through the morphemic elements.
In conclusion, it should be mentioned that there is no sure methods to enrich vocabulary bank in a day. It demands time. In order to enhance their vocabulary bank students should show interest and enthusiasm in finding and understanding new words. Teaching vocabulary requires teachers to create and use lots of activities and exercises.