Intermediate School Level Social Studies Glossary English / Uzbek
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Intermediate School Level
Social Studies Glossary English / Uzbek Glossar
y Translation of Social Studies terms based on the Coursework for Social Studies Grades 6 to 8. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students Last Updated: July 2017 THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of The University
B ETTY A.
R OSA
, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ................. Bronx T.
A NDREW
B ROWN
,
B.A.,
J.D.
........................................................... Rochester R OGER
T ILLES
, B.A.,
J.D. ................................................................................................. Great Neck L ESTER
W.
Y OUNG ,
J R ., B.S.,
M.S.,
Ed.D.
. ...................................................................... Beechhurst C HRISTINE D.
C EA ,
B.A.,
M.A., Ph.D.
. ........................................................................... Staten Island W ADE
S.
N ORWOOD ,
B.A.
............................................................................................... Rochester K ATHLEEN
M.
C ASHIN , B.S., M.S., Ed.D. ...................................................................... Brooklyn J AMES
E.
C OTTRELL ,
B.S.,
M.D. ....................................................................................... New York J OSEPHINE V ICTORIA
F INN
,
B.A., J.D. .............................................................................. Monticello J UDITH
C HIN
,
M.S. in Ed. ............................................................................................... Little Neck B EVERLY
L.
O UDERKIRK ,
B.S.
in Ed.,
M.S.
in Ed. ........................................................... Morristown C ATHERINE C OLLINS
,
R.N., N.P.,
B.S.,
M.S.
in Ed.,
Ed.D.
............................................ Buffalo J UDITH
J OHNSON
,
B.A., M.A.,
C.A.S.
............................................................................. New Hempstead N AN
E ILEEN
M EAD
,
B.A. ................................................................................................ Manhattan E LIZABETH S.
H AKANSON ,
A.S.,
M.S., C.A.S.
................................................................ Syracuse L UIS
O.
R EYES ,
B.A.,
M.A., Ph.D.
................................................................................... New York S USAN
W.
M ITTLER ,
B.S., M.S. ....................................................................................... Ithaca
Commissioner of Education and President of The University M ARY E LLEN
E LIA
E LIZABETH R.
B ERLIN
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
Middle School Social Studies Glossary
NYS Statewide Language RBERN ENGLISH UZBEK A abolition bekor qilish, AQSHda qullikni bekor qilish abuses
suiiste'mollar, haqoratlar acculturation akkulturatsiya (turli madaniyatlarning uzoq o‘zaro harkat qilishi oqibatida qo‘shilib ketishi) adaptation moslashtirish advantages imtiyozlar agrarian agrar, qishloq xo‘jaligiga oid Albany Plan of Union Olbanining birlashtirish rejasi alien chet ellik, o‘zga sayyoralik alliance ittifoq
alliances ittifoqlar Allied powers ittifoqdosh davlatlar amendment tuzatish American Federation of Labor Amerika mehnat federatsiyasi American Railway Union Amerika temiryo‘l ittifoqi American Revolution Amerika inqilobi American system (Clay) Amerika tizimi (Genri Kley) ancestors ajdodlar ancestors worship ajdodlarni hurmat qilish animism animizm
Annapolis Convention Annapolis syezdi anthropology antropologiya Anti-Federalists aksilfederalistlar appeasement yarashtirish apportionment proporsional taqsimlash architectural drawings arxitektura chizmalari army armiya
Articles of Confederation Konfederatsiya moddalari, AQSHning 13 ta shtatdan iborat konfederatsiyasini tuzish haqida shartnoma (AQSH Konstitutsiyasi tuzilishidan oldin) artifacts artefakt assassination qotillik (siyosiy yoki taniqli jamoat arbobini o‘ldirish) assassinations qotilliklar (siyosiy yoki taniqli jamoat arbobini o‘ldirish) Assembly assambleya astronauts astronavtlar atomic bomb atom bombasi austerity qattiqqo‘llik, qattiq tejash autonomy avtonomiya, muxtoriyat Axis powers “O‘q davlatlari” (Ikkinchi jahon urushi vaqtida Germaniya, Yaponiya va Italiya kirgan harbiy-siyosiy ittifoq) Aztecs atsteklar B baby boom demografik portlash banking
bank amaliyotlari Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
Berlin airlift Berlin havo ko‘prigi Berlin Wall Berlin devori bicameral Ikki palatali bicameral legislature ikki palatali qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyat blitzkrieg blitskrig (yashin tezligidagu urush Bolshevik Revolution bolsheviklar inqilobi bonds
obligatsiyalar British North America Act Britaniya Shimoliy Amerikasi haqidagi qonun Buddhism buddizim, buddaviylik business biznes business organization tijorat tashkiloti C Camp David Accord Kemp-Devid kelishuvi campaign kampaniya Canada
Kanada Canadian Bill of Rights Kanadaning huquqlar to‘g‘risidagi qonuni canal
kanal Caribbean Karib dengizi havzasi categories toifalar Catholics katoliklar census reports aholini ro‘yxatga olishning natijalari Central America Markaziy Amerika characteristics xususiyatlar checks and balances o’zaro tiyib turish va manfaatlar muvozanati chemical warfare kimyoviy urush child labor bolalar mehnati Christianity xristian dini chronological order solnoma tartibi chronology solnoma, xronologiya civil service davlat fuqarolik xizmati civil war fuqarolar urushi clan
aymoq Cold War sovuq urush collapse barbod bo‘lish, tanazzul commerce tijorat Common good umumiy farovonlik communism kommunizm communist nations Kommunistik mamlakatlar competition raqobat compromise murosa Compromise of 1850 1850-yilgi murosa, kelishiv Confucianism Konfutsiylik dini conscription harbiy xizmatga majburlik Conservation Day tabiatni asrash kuni Constitutional Amendments Konstitutsiyaga tuzatishlar Constitutional Convention Konstitutsiya syezdi
Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
construction qurilish, qurish consumer society iste’molchilar jamiyati consumption iste’mol containment tiyib turish continental congress qit’a kongressi convention kelishuv, konvensiya cooperation hamkorlik corruption korrupsiya cotton
paxta court cases sud ishlari credit
kredit Cuban missile crisis Kubadagi raketa tangligi cultural diffusion madaniy diffuziya cultural diversity madaniy rang-baranglik cultural identity madaniy o‘ziga xoslik cultural patterns madaniy turmush tarzi cultural understanding madaniy tushunish currency valyuta
debate
munozara Democratic Party Demokratlar partiyasi democratic society demokratik jamiyat depression tushkunlik depressions tushkunliklar deregulation davlat nazoratining bekor qilinishi direct election of Senators senatorlarning to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri saylanishi direct versus indirect election bilvosita saylovlarga bevosita saylovlarni solishtirish disabled nogironlar disadvantages noqulayliklar disarmament qurolsizlanish discrimination kamsitish diseases kasalliklar doctrine doktrina domestic ichki Domestic policy ichki siyosat draft riots armiyaga chaqirishga qarshi qo‘zg‘olonlar Dust Bowl Dast-Boul, Amerika g‘arbidagi qurg‘oqchil mintaqalar E
Eastern Hemisphere Sharqiy yarim shar economic development iqtisodiy rivojlanish Economies (traditional, command, market, and mixed) iqtisodiy tizimlar (an’anaviy, buyruqbozlik, bozor ba aralash) elastic clause “elastik punkt” (AQSH Konstitutsiyasi 8-moddasining 18-bandi) electoral savlovga oid emancipation emansipatsiya, ozod qilish
Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
Emancipation Proclamation Ozod qilish haqidagi bayonot Embargo Act Embargo haqidagi qonun emergence paydo bo‘lish empathy
hamdardlik
F
fact / opinion fakt / fikr famine ochlik
Far West Uzoq G‘arb farmer fermer
fauna fauna, hayvonot olami federal federal, umumdavlat “federal” (“national”) government federal (milliy) hukumat Federal Reserve Act Federal rezerv tizimi haqidagi qonun federal system federal tizim federal union federal ittifoq Federalism federalizm Federalist Papers “Federalizm tarafdorining yozuvlari” Federalists federalistlar Filipinos filippinliklar financial institutions moliyaviy muassasalar First Continental Congress Birinchi qit’a kongressi flora o‘simliklar dunyosi foreign tashqi foreign aid tashqi yordam foreign markets tashqi bozorlar foreign policy tashqi siyosat foreign trade tashqi savdo Fort Sumter Samter qal’asi Fourteen Points “O‘n to‘rtta band” franchise Imtiyoz, savlov huquqi, ovoz berish huquqi freedom trail ozodlik so‘qmog‘i French and Indian War fransuzlar va hindular bilan urush French Revolution fransuz inqilobi French-Canadian Fransiyalik-kanadalik frontier chegara
fugitive slave laws Qochoq qullar haqidagi qonunlar G
gender jins
genocide genosid
global economy global iqtisodiyot “Good Neighbor Policy” yaxshi qo‘shnichilik siyosati graduated income tax o‘sib boruvchi daromad solig‘i Grange Greynj (fermerlar uyushmasi) Great Britain Buyuk Britaniya Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
Great Compromise Buyuk murosa (Konnektikut murosasi) Greece
Gretsiya grids
jadvallar H
Harlem Renaissance Harlem uyg‘onishi Haymarket Riot Heymarket qirg‘ini heroes qahramonlar heroines qahramon ayollar Hinduism hinduizm historian tarixchi historical analysis tarixiy tahlil historical development tarixiy taraqqiyot holocaust holokost, yo‘q qilish, halokat human dignity inson qadr-qimmati human rights violations inson huquqlarining buzilish hollari I
identity shaxsiyat, shaxsni tasdiqlash illustrate bezak bermoq impact ta’sir
impacts ta’sirlar impeachment ishonchsizlik bildirish, lavozimdan chetlatish imperialism imperializm imperialist imperialist incarceration ozoqlikdan mahrum qilish, qamash Incas inklar
income daromad
income tax daromad solig‘i India Hindiston indigenous development mahalliy rivojlanish industrial sanoatga oid industrial power sanoat potensiali Industrial Revolution sanoat inqilobi Industrial Workers of the World dunyoning sanoat ishchilari inflation inflyatsiya (pulning qadrsizlanishi) initiative tashabbus institution muassasa integrity yaxlitlik interactions o‘zaro harakatlar international xalqaro
internment fuqarolarni siyosiy sabab bilan qamoqqa tashlash interrelationships o‘zaro munosabatlar interstate shtatlararo, davlatlararo interstate commerce shtatlararo savdo-sotiq interstate highway system shtatlararo avtomagistrallar tizimi intervention intervensiya, aralashish intolerance toqatsizlik Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
investments investitsiyalar involvement aloqadorlik, jalb etish Irish
irland tili, irlandiyalik Islam
Islom dini isolation izolyatsiya isolationism isolyatsionizm Italy
Italiya J
Japanese yapon tili Japanese-Americans yaponiyalik amerikalik Jews yahudiylar Judaism iudaizm
Judicial review sud nazorati justice adolat, odil sudlov, sudya K
Kansas-Nebraska Act “Kanzas-Nebraska” qonunui Kellogg-Briand Pact Brian-Kellogg pakti kinship qarindoshlik Knights of Labor “Mehnat ritsarlari” Korean War Koreya urushi L
labor markets mehnat bozorlari labor union kasaba uyushmasi land bridge bo‘yin
Land Ordinance of 1785 1785-yilgi yer haqidagi qaror Latin America Lotin Amerikasi latitude kenglik
League of Nations Millatlar Ligasi legislation qonunchilik legislature qonun chiqaruvchi organ leisure activities dam olish faoliyati life expectancy hayot davomiyligi limited government cheklangan hokimiyat Lincoln-Douglas debate Linkoln-Duglas munozarasi literature adabiyot longitude uzunlik
Louisiana Purchase Luiziana xaridi loyalists tarafdorlar, loyalistlar M
Manhattan Project Manhetten loyihasi Manifest Destiny «Taqdir» siyosiy doktrinasi majority rule ko‘pchilik prinsipi manufactured goods ishlab chiqarilgan tovarlar manufacturing ishlab chiqarish Marshall Plan Marshall rejasi Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
Mayas
Mayya Mayflower Compact Meyflauer bitimi Memorial Day Xotira kuni mercantilism merkantilizm Mexican War Meksika urushi Mexicans meksikaliklar Middle Ages o‘rta asrlar middle class o‘rta sinf Midwest
O‘rta G‘arb military harbiy hokimiyat, harbiy xizmatchilar minorities kamsonli elatlar minority kamchiilik Missouri Compromise Missuri sulhi Mobile society Mobil jamiyat mobilization safarbarlik Monroe Doctrine Monro doktrinasi monuments yodgorliklar Muckrakers makreykerlar, shov-shov tarqatib fosh qiluvchilar
NAACP Tanasi rangli aholining taraqqiyotiga ko‘maklashish milliy uyushmasi NAFTA
Shimoliya Amerikaning erkin savdo bitimi narratives hikoyalar national milliy national origins milliy kelib chiqish nationalism millatchilik Native American Indians Amerikaning tubjoy hindulari NATO
NATO natural boundaries tabiiy chegaralar natural resources tabiiy resurslar naturalization fuqarolik berish navigation navigatsiya navy
harbiy-dengiz floti Nazi Germany Fashistlar Germaniyasi Nazi Holocaust Fashistlar holokosti Neolithic Revolution Neolit inqilobi neutrality betaraflik New Deal “Yangi kurs” newspapers gazetalar noninterference (“laissez-faire”) aralashmaslik “normalcy” me’yorlarga mos bo‘lish Northwest Ordinance Shimoli-g‘arb haqida qaror nuclear yadroviy nuclear families ota-ona va farzandlardan iborat oilalar nuclear family ota-ona va farzandlardan iborat oila nullification bekor qilish
Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
oil neft, moy Open Door Policy «Ochiq eshiklar» siyosati opportunity costs Imkoniyat xarajatlari, imkoniyatlarning moliyaviy oqibatlari oppression bosish , bosim o‘tkazish oral histories og‘zaki tarix ordinance farmon, qonun, qaror Oregon Territory Oregon hududi overpopulation aholining haddan oshiq ko‘payib ketishi
Panama Canal Panama kanali Parliament parlament patriots vatanparvarlar Patroonship system patronaj tizimi peace tinchlik peacekeeping tinchlikni saqlash perceptions qabul qilish, his etish periodization’s davrlarga bo‘lish persecution ta’qib etish Persian Gulf War Fors ko‘rfazi urushi perspective perspektiva pioneers pionerlar plantation ekinzorlar plantation system ekinzorlar tizimi pledge of allegiance sadoqat qasamyodi policy siyosat
political boundaries siyosiy chegaralari political parties siyosiy partiyalar political power siyosiy hokimiyat politics siyosat
popular vote xalqning ovoz berishi Populist movement Populistlar harakati postwar Urushdan keyingi Poughkeepsie Convention Pokipsi kelishuvi poverty qashshoqlik preamble kirish qismi, so‘zboshi precedent pretsedent Preindustrial Age sanoatlashuvdan oldingi asr President’s cabinet president kabineti primary elections dastlabki saylovlar primary sources ilk manbalar principles prinsiplar privileges imtiyozlar proclamation e’lon qilish productivity unumdorlik Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
profit
foyda progressive taraqqiyparvar Progressive leaders Taraqqiyparvar yetakchilar prohibition taqiqlash propaganda targ‘ibot prosperity farovonlik protests noroziliklar psychology psixologiya Puritans puritanlar, o‘ta qat’iy turmush tarzi tarafdorlari pursuit of happiness baxtga intilish
Quakers kvakerlar Quebec Act Kvebek qonuni Quota Act Kvota haqidagi qonun R
racial irqiy
racial discrimination irqiy kamsitish racism irqchilik railroads temiryo‘llar ratification ratifikatsiya qilish, tasdiqlash rationing cheklash, me’yorga solish recall chaqirib olish recall election saylovni bekor qilish reconstruction qayta qurish, rekonstruksiya reductions qisqartirishlar referendum referendum reform isloh qilish reform movement islohotchilik harakati regulation tartibga solish, qoida reliability ishonchlilik relief yordam, yengillatish Renaissance Renessans reparation tovon puli reparations tovon puli to‘lash, zararni qoplash representation vakolatxona repression repressiya, qatag‘on “Republican” government “Respublikachilar” hukumati Republican Party Respublikachilar partiyasi resignation iste’fo
restrict cheklamoq, tiyib turmoq Rights of the minority kamsonli elatlar huquqlari river civilizations (Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, Indus Valley)
daryo sivilizatsiyalari (Mesopotamiya, Misr, Xitoy, Hind daryosi vodiysi) Rome Rim
Roosevelt Corollary Ruzvelt tuzatishi Roosevelt’s Executive Order 8802 Ruzveltning 8802-ma’muriy farmoni Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
Roosevelt’s Treaty of Portsmouth Ruzveltning Portsmut shartnomasi
scandals mojarolar scholars olimlar
scientific ilmiy
sculpture haykal
secession ajralish, chiqish Second Continental Congress Ikkinchi qit’a kongressi secondary sources ikkilamchi manbalar sectional seksiyaga oid sedition tashviqot, qo‘poruvchilik Sedition Act of 1918 1918-yilgi “Qo‘poruvchilik to‘g‘risida”gi qonun segregation segregatsiya self-government o‘zini-o‘zi boshqarish Senate Senat
separation of powers Vakolatlarni taqsimlash separatism ayirmachilik settlement houses turarjoylar sharecropping Ijara haqqini hosildan beriladigan ulush hisobiga qoplash Shay’s Rebellion Shey qo‘zg‘oloni shelter
boshpana Sherman Antitrust Act Shermanning monopoliyaga qarshi qonuni significance ahamiyat skilled workers malakali ishchilar social commentary ijtimoiy izoh social sciences (anthropology, economics, geography, history, political science, psychology and sociology) ijtimoiy fanlar (antropologiya, iqtisodiyot, jug‘rofiya, tarix, siyosatshunoslik, psixologiya va jamiyatshunoslik) social scientific method ijtimoiy ilmiy usul social security ijtimoiy ta’minot socialism sotsializm Socialist Party sotsialistlar partiyasi sociology jamiyatshunoslik soup kitchen suyuq ovqatli oshxonalar Southwest Janubi-g‘arb Soviet Union Sovet Ittifoqi Spanish-American War Ispaniya-Amerika urushi spatial organization Makon tashkiloti sphere of influence ta’sir doirasi spiritual beliefs diniy e’tiqodlar “spoils system” “patronaj tizimi” (yutgan siyosiy partiyaning mansablarni do’stlari, qarindoshlar va boshqa qo’llab- quvvatlagan odamlarga berishi) Stamp Act Gerb yig‘imi haqidagi qonun standard of living hayot darajasi Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
state’s rights davlat huquqlari states’ rights davlatlar huquqlari status quo status-kvo, mavjud holat statutes parlament chiqargan qonunlar steel
po‘lat stock market fond birjasi stock market crash fond birjasi tanazzuli strategy strategiya sub-Saharan Africa Afrikaning Sahroi Kabir hududi suffrage saylash huquqi Supreme Court decision Oliy Sud qarori
Tammany Hall Tammani-holl tariff tarif (biror narsaga toʻlanadigan qat’iy baholar majmui) tariffs
tariflar tax
soliq temperance mo’tadillik territorial expansion hududni kengaytirish territory hudud three-fifths compromise beshdan uch nisbatli (3/5) murosa timeframes davrlar totalitarian totalitar totalitarian societies totalitar jamiyatlar Townsend Plan Taunsend rejasi trade
savdo Treaties (Citizen Genet, Jay and Pinckney) Shartnomalar (Citizen Genet, Jay va Pinckney) treaty
shartnoma trends
tamoyillar triangular trade uch tomonlama savdo tribe
qabila Truman Doctrine Trumen doktrinasi trust
ishonch trusts
trestlar Tweed Ring “Tvid to‘dasi”
underground railroad yerosti temiryo‘li unemployment ishsizlik Union
Ittifoq unionize birlashtirmoq United Nations Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti Inson huquqlari umumjahon deklaratsiyasi
Versailles Treaty Versal shartnomasi Veterans Day Veteranlar kuni Middle School Social Studies Glossary NYS Statewide Language RBERN
veto
veto, taqiq Vietnam War Vyetnam urushi village
qishloq W
wage Ish haqi wages Ish haqi Wagner Act Vagner qonuni (Mehnat munosabatlari to‘g‘risidagi milliy qonun) War Bonds Harbiy zayom majburiyatlari War of 1812 1812-qilgi urush Warsaw Pact Varshava shartnomasi waterway kanal Western Hemisphere G‘arbiy yarim shar westward expansion g‘arb tomon yurish westward migration g‘arb tomon ko‘chish Whiskey Rebellion Spirt isyoni white collar “oq yoqali” xizmatchilar white collar employees “oq yoqali” xizmatchilar women’s rights ayollar huquqlari women’ suffrage ayollarning saylovda ovoz berish huquqi workforce ish kuchi working conditions ish sharoitlari Works Progress Administration Jamoat ishlari boshqarmasi World Court Jahon Sudi world power jahondagi yetakchi mamlakat World War I 1-Jahon Urushi World War II 2-Jahon Urushi worldviews dunyoqarashlar
Yalta Conference Yalta konferensiyasi “yellow journalism” har xil shov-shuvlar yozuvchi jurnalistlar
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