International journal of scientific & technology research volume 9, issue 03, march 20 2

 
2. MATHERIALS
 
AND
 
METHODS 
 
Overview of technical solutions for the creation of multi-
purpose machines of the developed standard size group
. 
The first part-turn excavators were designed at the design 
bureau of the Kiev Red Excavator Plant (now ATEK). For the 
installation of excavator equipment, the most massive and 
reliable MTZ-2 Belarus tractors of the Minsk Tractor Plant were 
selected.The first part-turn excavator E-153 on MTZ-2 tractors, 
deprived of the cab, had an excavator control panel behind the 
driver's seat. Flat hydraulic tanks were installed on the sides of 
the driver's seat. The excavator, in addition to the back (or 
straight) shovel mounted on the boom of the portal, was 
equipped with a front hydraulic bulldozer hitch, had retractable 
outriggers installed during operation of the excavator. 
Switching the shovel to direct digging gave the machine the 
opportunity to work in loader mode. Since 1955, it was the 
largest single model of a hydraulic wheel excavator on a 
wheeled tractor, widely used on collective farms and state 
farms, in greening trusts, in warehouses, currents, and in road 
construction.Years passed, tractor models changed: MTZ-2 
was followed by MTZ-5L / 5M, LS / MS tractors with a cab 
equipped with a tarpaulin tent. The excavator began to be 
equipped with a larger bucket and outriggers of a different 
configuration. The E-153 veteran was replaced by the E-1514, 
E-2515 cars.Since 1971, with the advent of the YuMZ-6L / 6M 
tractor, excavators have received the EO-2621 index. The 
design of the boom, portal, partially bulldozer equipment has 
undergone some changes.This is approximately the evolution 
of the models of semi-rotary excavators of the Saransk 
Excavator Plant (now SAREX), which has been producing 
them since 1959. The excavator underwent a number of 
upgrades: EO-2621A / B / V (V1, B2, VZ). The following 
models were mounted on the YuMZ-6AL / 6 AM tractor, 
611KLM / KLN, LTZ-55A / 60AB.In the 1970s, other plants 
began to produce part-turn excavators: BOREX (Borodinka 
village), Udarnik (AMKODOR, Minsk), Zlatoustovsky and 
Belotserkovsky.In 1986, in addition to the traditional UMZ 
tractors, the MTZ tractors of the Minsk Tractor Plant reappear 
as a base. This plant, together with Minsk Udarnik, developed 
the first model of the excavator loader EO-2624 in the 
domestic excavator industry on the MTZ-102 (4x4) chassis. 
When the machine works as an excavator, in addition to 
remote spores, it also lowers the loading bucket, which acts as 
an additional support. Interchangeable working equipment 
includes two jaw bucket and a dozer blade, which greatly 
expands the capabilities of the machine.The new EO-2624 
backhoe loader is mounted on a swivel column, which is 
located farther from the rear wall of the tractor than in previous 
models. Another installation system (the so-called English) is 
convenient in that it significantly expands the radius of 
manipulation of the excavator boom, allowing the bucket to dig 
at great distances and depths. Since 1986, such backhoe 
loaders with a digging axis displaced by 1.41 m began to 
produce SAREKS and BOREX - EO 
– 2625, 2626A, 2627, 
2627A, 2628, since 1989 - TO 
– 49 (EO -2626, aka "Amkodor 
- 702") Minsk "Drummer".Attempts to create a universal 
construction machine were undertaken in the early 70s 
TsNIIOMTP. A bulldozer blade was mounted on the T-100-
MGP (ChTZ) tractor in front, and excavator equipment with 
buckets with a capacity of 0.15 or 0.25 m3 and a movable 

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 
ISSN 2277-8616 
2008 
IJSTR©20 2
2
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digging axis (according to the principle of creating similar 
KOMATSU equipment, Japan) was mounted on the back. 
However, in those years it was not possible to organize its 
mass production at any of the existing excavator plants. 
Based on the idea to mount a single-bucket hydraulic 
excavator in a serial version on a caterpillar tractor, relying on 
previous experience, URALTRAK (ChTZ) in the early 90s 
returned to its old idea and based on the T-160 tractor and the 
EO-2629 excavator (C') AREKS) in combination with a 
bulldozer hitch DZ-171.1 or DZ-182.1 (Ochersky Machine-
Building Plant) created a comprehensive machine UG-5. The 
equipment can be laid on a support in front of the tractor like a 
truck crane. The excavator is equipped in addition with a 
straight shovel, grab, claws and hook suspension.All these 
excavators of the 2nd size group are mounted on pneumatic 
wheel tractors or a special chassis (for example "Muromets"). 
Designed for soil development of I - III categories and loading 
bulk and small-sized materials into a dump or vehicles. They 
have two types of working equipment: 
• excavator - (buckets of direct and return shovels, loading 
bucket, pitchfork) and bulldozer - (direct dump) or loading 
(regular and double-jaw buckets). As an addition - hook 
suspension instead of excavator equipment. 
Let's see how wheeled tractor excavators evolved. 
Since 1987, BOREX has been producing semi-rotary 
excavators EO-2201/1106 on tractors MTZ-80/82 of Minsk, T-
25A, T-30, T-ZOA-80 of Vladimir and T-25F Kharkov Tractor 
Plants, since 1988 - Model 2101 (TO-42) based on the UMZ-
6AKL / 6AKM tractor, 650/652 and 2206 (TO-43) based on 
MT3-80 / 82.Since 1989, Kiev ATEK is developing the 
production of ATEK-2324-1 (TO-39) and ATEK-999 / 999E / EF 
(TO-41) models based on MT3-8O / 82 tractors. In 1996, new 
models appeared: E0-2102 backhoe loaders (BOREX-2102) 
based on MTZ-82UK and UMZ-611 / 6AKL / 6AKM, EO-2202 
excavator (JSC INTEREX, Rostov-on-Don ) on the basis of 
MTZ-82UK or YuMZ-BAL / 6 AM / KLN / KLM, LTZ-60AV / 55A; 
A backhoe loader EO-1624 on a T-ZOA-8O tractor was 
mastered by Donetsk Excavator JSC, Rostov Region; 
excavator EO-2629 (SAREKS) based on tractors UMZ-6AKL / 
AKM or UMZ-6KLN / KLM, 611.However, since 1996, the 
largest number of models was produced by BOREX: BOREX-
11OZ based on the T-25F, BOREX-1203 based on the T-30A-
80, BOREX-1205 based on the T-30A-8O, BOREX-2103 
based on the UMZ-6AKJI / 6AKM. Almost all models have a 
rotary blade.Since 1998, 
“Tver Experimental Mechanical 
Plant
” LLP has been producing the EO-1621 excavator based 
on the T-25A, T-30A-80 tractors in Vladimir. It is also produced 
by 
“Andijangidromash” software Since 1999, a new model of 
the part-turn excavator EO-2621VZ based on the LTZ-55A 
(earlier excavator equipment was not mounted on the LTZ 
tractors) has been produced by the Rostov INTEREX 
(bulldozer excavator). The base can be a tractor UMZ-611KLN 
/ KLM. From the same year, it is released by SAREX. Model 
EO-2301 is made on a tractor LTZ-60AV. The excavator TO-
49-40 on the MTZ-82UK chassis has been manufactured 
since the late 90s by AMKODOR and the Mozyr Plant for Land 
Reclamation 
Machines. 
Since 
1996 
Omsk Transport 
Engineering Plant and Chelyabinsk Road Machine Plant 
named after Kolyuschenko let out the EO-2621V2 excavator 
on the chassis of the YuMZ-611 tractor (ZTM-60L). Since the 
late 90s, OJSC Velikoluk Plant LESKHOZMASH OJSC has 
been producing quick-detachable excavator attachments 
OEN-1 for the MTZ-82 tractor. Since 1996, OJSC 
Kolomyaselmash has been manufacturing the M-EKS-330 
microexcavator - uniaxial, trailed with three hydraulic supports. 
The semi-rotary excavator EO-2621 also produces the 
Berdyansk plant of road vehicles, and the Gidrosila plant (the 
city of Yelets, Lipetsk Region) has been manufacturing 
excavator loaders EO-2621VZ + PGT-360 based on LTZ-55A / 
60AV 
since 
1999. 
Since 
September 
1998, 
OJSC 
Murommashzavod has been producing the PK-301 articulated 
backhoe loader Muromets. The all-wheel drive (4x4) machine 
successfully combines the functions of an excavator and a 
single-bucket loader. Excavation equipment has a lateral 
mixing of 1.6 m, which is very convenient since it extends the 
radius of manipulation of the excavator boom with working 
equipment mounted on it. The hydromechanical gearbox and 
axles are original, factory, D-241AB diesel with turbo-
supercharging of the Minsk Motor (power 105 hp at 2200 rpm), 
hydraulic equipment is a product of defense complex factories. 
Front wheel loader loading capacity 3 t, bucket capacity 1.5 
m3; bucket capacity 0.48 m3. In the transport position, 
excavator equipment is pressed against the rear wall of the 
tractor cab and does not go beyond the dimensions of the 
machine. The machine has found wide application in the 
cramped conditions of work sites, in the reconstruction of 
buildings and communications, in the road and utility service. 
One of the Moscow associations, the financial and industrial 
group LEX, built (2000) a new excavator plant in the Tugulym 
district of the Sverdlovsk region to produce new part-turn 
excavators EO-2621 MST (Fig. 10) on the chassis of the 
modified Lipetsk tractor (4x4) - LTZ-60AV equipped with a 60-
hp D-65M1L Rybinsk diesel engine at 1750 rpm with water 
cooling. The company thoroughly redesigned the tractor's 
design by developing a new, more advanced cab. Excavation 
equipment is traditionally rear mounted, a dozer blade with a 
width of 2 m is installed in front of the tractor. The capacity of 
the excavation bucket is 0.25 m3. In the future, instead of a 
bulldozer blade, it is possible to install a loading bucket of the 
PGT-Z60 type with a capacity of 0.36 m3 and a load capacity 
of 800 kg. The loader will expand the capabilities of the LEX