Ипт-шарҳловчи маъруза. Иат

Allegory. An allegory is a story, poem, picture, etc., in which the characters and events not only have meaning in themselves but also convey a second spiritual or philosophical meaning.
Typical characteristics of an allegory are:

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  the presence of at least two levels meaning;
  
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  the personification of abstract concepts such as virtues, vices, states of mind and etc.;
  
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  the presentation of historical events and personages;
  
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  the presentation of moral or philosophical issues;
  
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  the introduction of humorous elements;
  

An allegory is a story which has two levels of meaning, one literal and one symbolic. Each event, character or object symbolizes one single idea. The medieval play Everyman is an allegory: its characters are named such things as Kindred and Good Deeds, and stand for virtues and vices. The play is not at all ambiguous; it is meant to teach a clear lesson to its audience.
A “fable” is a type of allegory, except that the characters are animals with human traits. As in an allegory, there is a clear moral. The most famous fables are by Aesop and each has a moral stated explicitly at the end.
Questions:

1. 
   How can the reader define the style and tone of the work?
   
2. 
   What are the meanings of word that language contains?
   
3. 
   Speak about the allegory and give example to such a work.
   
4. 
   What are the characteristic features of allegory?
   

Key words and expressions:

style tone

to determine the tone an allegory
literary stylistic layer of words literary-colloquial words
literary-bookish words archaisms
symbolize denotative meaning
connotative meaning conversational variant
stylistic reference conversational type