Julio-Claudian Dynasty The Power in Rome

Julio-Claudian Dynasty

The Power in Rome

Augustus

• Ruled 27BC – AD14

• Grandnephew of Julius Caesar.

• First ruled in 1st Triumvirate.

• Took control after defeat of Mark Anthony (Cleopatra); Marcus Agrippa’s victory at Actium 31BC.

• Succeeded by Tiberius.

Emperor Augustus

• Emperor Augustus

• Ruled 27BC – AD14

Julia

• Daughter of Augustus

• 39BC-AD14

• Wife of 1) Marcellus 2) Marcus Agrippa 3) Tiberius.

• Children 1) Gaius 2) Julia the younger 3) Lucius 4) Agrippina 5) Agrippa postumus.

• Banished by Augustus for immoral behaviour.

Family Group

• Julia the elder

• Children 1) Gaius 2) Julia the younger 3) Lucius 4) Agrippina 5) Agrippa postumus.

Gaius Caesar

• 20BC – AD4

• Son of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.

• 17 BC, adopted by Augustus - Prince of Youth"("princeps iuventutis")

• Husband to Livilla.

• Died of Battle wounds – Artageria (Armenia).

• Death led to Augustus making Tiberius and Postumus his heirs.

Lucius Caesar

• 17BC – AD2

• Son of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.

• 17 BC, adopted by Augustus - Prince of Youth"("princeps iuventutis")

• Drowned at Marseilles – Tacitus claimed foul play !

Agrippa postumus.

• Son of Julia & Marcus Agrippa

• Adopted by Augustus after the deaths of his elder brothers.

• the young, physically tough, indeed brutish, Agrippa Postumus. Though devoid of every good quality, he had been involved in no scandal – Tacitus

• Banished by Augustus in AD9 and executed by his guards around the time of Augustus’ death.

Vipsania Julia the younger

• 19BC - AD29

• Daughter of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.

• Married to Paullus

• Seutonius claims that she built a large, pretentious house, which Augustus had demolished (overdone)

• 9AD exiled by Augustus for immorality or conspiracy ?

• Paullus executed for conspiracy.

Agrippina the elder

• 14BC-33AD

• Daughter of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.

• Wife of Germanicus.

• Children: Nero, Drusus, Caligula, Agrippina(younger), Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Agrippina in audience with Tiberius, accused Piso of Germanicus’ murder.

• Sejanus’ plot led to her suicide.

Claudian Family Group

• Livia Drusilla

• 58BC – AD29

• Sons through marriage to Tiberius Claudius Nero – Tiberius and Drusus

Livia (wife of Augustus)

• Livia Drusilla

• 58BC – AD29

• Sons (through previous marriage (to Tiberius Claudius Nero) – Tiberius and Drusus

Tiberius

• Eldest son of Livia.

• Emperor from 14 – 37AD.

• Son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla.

• Adopted heir of Augustus

• Pliny the Elder called him tristissimus hominum, "the gloomiest of men."

• Succeeded by Caligula

• Children

Drusus the younger

• 13BC – 23AD

• Son of Tiberius and Vipsania.

• Married to Livilla.

• Children Julia & Tiberius Germellus.

• Removed from succession by Augustus’ order that Tiberius adopt Germanicus.

• AD 21 appointed consul by Tiberius.

Family Group

• Drusus the younger

• 13BC – 23AD

• Son of Tiberius and Vipsania.

• Married to Livilla.

• Children Julia & Tiberius Germellus.

• AD 21 appointed consul by Tiberius.

Drusus the elder

• 38BC – AD9

• Youngest son of Livia

• Great General, began the Germania Campaign.

• Seutonius reports that he refused to return to Rome shortly before his death.

• Children 1) Germanicus 2) Claudius 3) Livilla

Family Group

• Drusus the elder

• 38BC – AD9

• Youngest son of Livia

• Children 1) Germanicus 2) Claudius 3) Livilla

Germanicus

• 15BC – AD19

• Eldest son of Drusus.

• Husband of Agrippina the elder.

• Children Nero, Drusus, Caligula, Agrippina, Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Avenged defeat of Teutoborg Forest – campaigns in Germania & Asia made him hugely popular

• Augustus compelled Tiberius to adopt as son and name as heir.

• Tacitus blames Tiberius for his death.

Claudius

• 10BC - AD54

• Youngest son of Drusus.

• Maternal Grandfather – Mark Anthony.

• Uncle of Caligula.

• Ruled from AD41.

Livilla

• 13BC - AD31

• Wife to 1) Gauis 2) Drusus (Tiberius son)

• Lover of Sejanus.

• Alleged to have helped Sejanus poison Drusus.

Family group

• Germanicus

• 15BC – AD19

• Eldest son of Drusus.

• Children Nero, Drusus, Caligula, Agrippina, Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Augustus compelled Tiberius to adopt as son and name as heir.

Family Group

• Claudius

• 3rd wife.

Family Group

• Claudius (4th marriage).

• Possibly murdered by Agrippina the younger (wife).

• Replaced by her son Nero – the last Julio-Claudian Emperor.

Caligula

• Gauis Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus

• ‘Little Soldiers Boot’

• Emperor 37-41AD

• www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNwLDsOcG_0

Agrippina the younger

• 15-59AD

• Survived Sejanus’ plots unlike mother & brothers Nero & Drusus.

• Gained some power when brother Caligula became Emperor.

• Son Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus – Nero

• 39 AD exiled over failed plot on Caligula.

• Returned to later marry Claudius.

Emperor Nero

• 37 -68AD

• Emperor 54-68AD at 17.

• Heir to Claudius

• Executed mother – Agrippina the younger

• Boudica Revolt

• Burning of Rome

• Committed suicide.