Kelas: 2a tlm matkul : Bahasa Inggris

Nama : Dela Risti Sabila
Nim : 210209016
Kelas: 2A – TLM
Matkul : Bahasa Inggris
Dosen : Mey lyna Girsang

Let's Stay Healthy, Free of Anemia

ANEMIA

Anemia is a condition of the body in which the level of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood is lower than normal. Hemoglobin is one of the components in red blood cells/erythrocytes which functions to bind oxygen and deliver it to all cells of the body's tissues. Anemia is a public health problem in Indonesia that can be experienced by all age groups, from toddlers to the elderly.

Causes of Anemia

Anemia occurs for various reasons, such as lack of iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and protein. Anemia is directly caused mainly due to the production/quality of red blood cells that are lacking and blood loss either acutely or chronically. There are 3 causes of anemia, namely:

Nutrient deficiency

Low intake of nutrients both animal and vegetable which is a source of iron which plays a role in the manufacture of hemoglobin as a component of red blood cells/erythrocytes. Other important nutrients that play an important role in the manufacture of hemoglobin include folic acid and vitamin B12. Patients with chronic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malignancy are often accompanied by anemia, due to lack of nutritional intake or due to the infection itself.

Bleeding (Loss of blood volume)

Bleeding due to helminthiasis and trauma or injury which causes Hb levels to decrease. Bleeding due to long and excessive menstruation

hemolytic

Bleeding in patients with certain diseases such as malaria and thalassemia needs to be watched out for because it occurs hemolytically which results in too much iron (hemosiderosis) in organs, such as the liver and spleen.

Symptom

Symptoms that are often found in people with anemia are 5 L (Lethargic, Fatigue, Weak, Tired, Inattentive), accompanied by headaches and dizziness, eyes dizzy, easily drowsy, tired quickly and have difficulty concentrating. Clinically, anemia sufferers are characterized by "pallor" on the face, eyelids, lips, skin, nails and palms.

Anemia Prevention

Efforts to prevent and treat anemia are carried out by providing sufficient iron intake to the body to increase the formation of hemoglobin. Efforts that can be made are:

Increase intake of food sources of iron

Increase intake of food sources of iron with a balanced diet. Foods rich in iron sources come from animals, for example liver, fish, meat and poultry, while from vegetables, namely dark green vegetables and nuts. To increase the absorption of iron from vegetable sources, you need to eat fruits that contain vitamin C, such as oranges, guava. Iron absorption can be inhibited by other substances, such as tannins, phosphorus, fiber, calcium, and phytate.

Iron supplementation Circumstances where iron from food does not meet the need for iron, needs to be obtained from iron supplementation. Provision of iron supplementation regularly for a certain period of time aims to increase hemoglobin levels quickly, and needs to be continued to increase iron stores in the body.

Avoid taking iron tablets (TTD) at the same time as:

Tea and coffee because they contain phytate and tannin compounds which can bind iron into complex compounds so that it cannot be absorbed.

High doses of Calcium (calc) tablets can inhibit iron absorption.

Heartburn medication that functions to coat the surface of the stomach so that iron absorption is hampered. The absorption of iron will be further hampered if you use ulcer drugs that contain calcium.