Key Energiya±Buran speci®cations A. 1 Energiya rocket
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Decrees (government/party) 34 À 35, 44, 47, 61, 373, 410, 421, 450 June 1950 13 4 December 1950 14 13 February 1953 15 20 May 1954 15 10 December 1959 23, 25, 28 5 February 1960 17, 26 23 June 1960 25, 28 13 May 1961 29 September 1969 68 17 February 1976 58 À 60, 77 À 78, 85,
173, 182, 373, 384, 431, 496 16 March 1976 79 À 80, 406
21 November 1977 82, 174, 197, 393 30 April 1981 210 July 1981 401 December 1981 164, 324, 331, 374, 433 25 December 1984 393, 401, 403 January 1985 442 2 August 1985 324, 374, 399 November 1985 178 27 January 1986 450 19 July 1986 450 20 May 1987 181 August 1987 374 July 1988 337 June 1989 364, 366, 374 5 February 1991 396 8 April 1991 403 15 September 1992 415 26 August 1995 416 Defense Council 332, 364, 366, 390, 396 Dementyev, Gennadiy 32, 60, 312 Dementyev, Pyotr 32, 35, 47, 60, 78, 161, 174, 449
Dermichov, G. 25 Diana, rocket 417 Dilemma, research program 233 DM-4S, ramjet engine 8 Dmitriyev, Nikolay 162 Dnepr, rocket 417 Doguzhiyev, Vitaliy 160, 340, 366, 394 Dorofeyev, Boris 75 DOM, see Buran propulsion system DOS, space stations 44, 51 DP, long-distance glider 26 À 27 DPKO Raduga, design bureau 50, 60, 166
Dream Chaser, spaceplane 295 Dunayev, Aleksandr 337, 369, 373 Dushkin, Leonid 5 À 12 Index 507 Dynamic Test Stand, see Baykonur, SDI Dyna-Soar, spaceplane 18, 23, 27, 30, 34, 110, 317 Dzhanibekov, Vladimir 34, 235, 237 À 240
EELV (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) 411, 413 EKA, satellites 383 EKR, cruise missile 15 EMZ, design bureau 26, 228, 286, 296, 300
Absorbed by NPO Molniya 60 Development of M-19 447 À 449
Development of VM-T 174 À 179 History 166 Publications on 498 À 499
Role in Energiya À Buran 166 À 167
Space tourism projects 457 À 458 Energiya, design bureau 57 À 58, 78, 125, 127 À 128, 160, 164, 166, 169, 276, 283, 286, 397, 403, 498 Change of leadership (1989) 365 À 367
Cosmonaut team 204, 220 À 221, 230, 232 À 234 Energomash Branch, see Energomash design bureau Formation 51 History 164 KB Salyut Branch, see KB Salyut design bureau
Ownership of Baykonur facilities 423 Primorskiy Branch 282 À 283, 333, 340 Role in Angara program 415 À 418 Role in Energiya À Buran program 164 À 165 Role in Buran payload development 374
À 375
Volga Branch 91, 171 À 172, 272, 367, 394, 435 Work on Angara 415 À 418
Work on Kliper 443 À 446 Work on OK-M spaceplanes 440 À 443 Work on SSTO spaceplanes 451 À 453 Work on upper stages 393 À 394 ZEM factory 164 À 165, 168, 186, 266 see also OKB-1, TsKBEM Energiya, rocket 1L vehicle 96, 99, 270, 272, 333 À 352 2L vehicle 96, 99, 344, 363 À 364, 367, 388, 395 À 396 3L vehicle 96, 388, 390 4M vehicle 197, 266 À 268, 270, 330 À 331,
388, 390 5S vehicle 197, 268 À 270, 388
6S(L) vehicle 96, 99, 197, 268, 270 À 282, 331, 343 Assembly 186, 188 À 189
Cargo Transport Container 393 À 394, 401 À 402 Component testing254 À 256 Core stage 81 À 82, 91 À 96, 165, 171 À 172,
175 À 178 , 254 À 256
Derived launch vehicles 399 À 405 Description 91 À 104 Engines, see RD-170 and RD-0120 First ¯ight 270 À 282
First roll-outs 266 À 267 Freezingof design 78 À 82 Fuelingtests 267 À 268 Guidance and control 102 À 104 Key speci®cations 462 Launch abort scenarios 148 À 153
Launch pro®le 144 À 145 Manufacturing165, 170 À 172 Origins of name 86, 278 À 279 Payload capacity 394 Payloads (other than Buran) 394 À 399
see also Buran-T Plans for solid-fuel boosters 73, 262 À 263
Reusability, see Energiya-2 Roll-outs with Buran test models 330 À
Second ¯ight, see 1K1 mission Seen by US spy satellites 318 À 321
Strap-on boosters 78 À 80, 96 À 102, 165, 171, 256, 364 Test ®rings 268 À 270, 390
Transportation 172 À 182, 199 À 200
Upper stages 393 À 394, 396, 403 508 Index Energiya-2, reusable rockets 364, 404
À 405
Energiya-3, rocket 415 Energiya-M, rocket 70, 190, 364, 366, 401 À
À 442
Energomash, design bureau 51, 62, 100, 282, 409
À 410, 435
Development of LOX/kerosene engines 62 À 65 Development of LOX/LH 2 engines 66 Development of RD-170 engine 100
À 102
Development of RD-180 engine 411
À 415
Development of RD-191 engine 418
À 420
History 169 À 170 OZEM factory 170 Role in Energiya program 170 Testingof RD-170/171 258 À 265 EPOS, spaceplanes 34, 36 Experimental Machine BuildingFactory, see EMZ Explorer, suborbital rocket plane 458 Eyharts, Leopold 222 Fastovets, Aviard 36 À 37
Fedotov, Valentin 166 Fefelov, Nikolay 221, 247, 249 Filin, Vyacheslav 344, 498 Filipchenko, Anatoliy 34 Flight Research Institute, see LII Foton, fuel cells 123 À 125, 287, 370, 381, 390, 444 Frayshtadt, Vladimir 453 Freedom, space station 377, 379, 397 Fregat, upper stage 422 Frolov, Ilya 10 Frolov, Konstantin 272 Fyodorov, Vladimir 5 G-14, glider 7 Gagarin, Yuriy 37, 39, 43 Galaxy Express, rocket 415 Gals, see ROS-7K space station Gaydar, Yegor 371 Gazenko, Oleg208 GDL, rocket research group 3 À 4, 62
À 63,
169 Geo®zika, aircraft 457 Gerakl, aircraft 438 Gerkules, space tug383 GIRD, rocket research group 2 À 4, 447 GK-175, see Energiya-2 GK-199, Energiya payload 99, 364, 367 GKKRS, see Luch GKNII, ¯ight test center (Akhtubinsk) 34, 36, 121, 162, 313 Cosmonaut team 215 À 220, 247
History 203 À 204 Gladkov, Pyotr 210 À 211 Glavkosmos, organization 337 GLI, see BTS-002 GLL-31, scramjet test bed 455 Globalstar, satellites 410 Globis, satellites 367, 394 À 396, 398 Glushko, Valentin 17, 48, 60, 86, 162
À 163, 169, 262, 271, 340, 443 Career at NPO Energiya 164 Death 365 Development of LOX/kerosene engines 62 À 66 Development of LOX/ LH 2 engines
65 À 66 Early career 3 À 5, 8 Placed in charge of NPO Energiya 50 À 53 Role in Buran decision 57, 70 À 75, 78
Role in Council of Chief Designers 163 Role in crewingdecisions 234, 236 À 237
GMK, commission 209, 212, 214 GMVK, commission 209, 212, 214 À 215
Golovanov, Yaroslav 368 À 369 Gonchar, Andrey 103 Gorbachov, Mikhail 86, 181, 241, 271, 311, 367, 370, 396 Defense Council meetings 332, 364 Reaction after Buran ¯ight 358 Visit to Baykonur 276, 278 À 279, 331
Index 509 Gorbatko, Viktor 37, 39 À 40 Gorbunov, Vladimir 215 À 216 Gorizont, satellites 278, 348 À 349 Gorkiy Park Buran model, see OK-M GRAVIMOL, material 113, 289 Grechko, Andrey 35 À 36 Grekov, Nikolay 207, 468 Grif, research program 454 Gringauz, K. 368 Grom, rocket 70 Gromov, Gennadiy 137 Groza, rocket 70, 364, 393, 401, 411 Gruzdev, Konstantin 7 GSR, see Spiral GTA-S, space tug397 GTK, see Energiya Cargo Transport Container Gubanov, Boris 55, 262, 331 À 332, 337, 340, 373, 450 Decision to ¯y Energiya 6SL 271 À 272
Early career 164 End of career at NPO Energiya 366 À 367
Memoirs 497 À 498 Gudilin, Vladimir 340 À 344, 346 À 347
GUKOS 48, 56 À 57, 68, 81, 161 À 162,
290, 325 Gurko, Oleg447 À 448
Gurkolyot, see M-19 Gusev, Leonid 139 He-176, rocket plane 6 Hermes, spaceplane 179, 222, 294, 439 HL-20, spaceplane 294 À 295 HOTOL, spaceplane 182, 439 HWK 109-509C, rocket engine 11 Hypersonic scramjet research 454 À 456 I-4, aircraft 9 I-270, rocket plane 10 Igla, scramjet test bed 456 IKI, institute 48, 358, 368 Il-18, aircraft 173, 212 Il-18D, aircraft 287, 290 Il-18RT, aircraft, 290 À 292 Il-62, aircraft 75, 229 Il-76, aircraft 173, 211, 283, 449 Il-76MD, aircraft 273 Illarionov, Valeriy 221, 247, 249 IMBP, institute 210, 212, 218, 228 Immersion, experiment 211 À 212
International Launch Services 425 International Space Station, see ISS IPM, institute 53 À 6, 132, 162 IPMekh, institute 287 IPRIM, institute 162 Iridium, satellites 423 IS, military satellites 30 Isayev, Aleksey 6, 10 ISS 142, 225, 295, 325, 347, 397, 407, 422 À
Buran-derived dockinghardware 379
À 381
Potential role for Buran 377 À 379 ITPM, institute 295, 449 Ivanchenkov, Aleksandr 221, 232 À 233
Ivanov, Leonid 204 À 205, 468 Ivanov, Vladimir 162 Ivanova, Yekaterina 237 IVS, orbital radio telescope 399 James, Peter 312 À 313
Johnson, Nicholas 359 K-36RB, ejection seats 149 À 151
Kadenyuk, Leonid 204 À 206, 220, 247, 249, 469 Kaleri, Aleksandr 218, 241 Kamanin, Nikolay 35 Kapustin Yar, cosmodrome 36, 289, 296, 410 Karas, Andrey 56, 162 Karat, Buran payload 383 Kaskad, orbital weapons system 273, 381 À
À 397
Katorgin, Boris 170 Katyusha, missiles 8 Kazakov, Vasiliy 161 Kazmin, Pyotr 11 510 Index
KB-90, design bureau 166 KB Energomash, see Energomash design bureau KBKhA, design bureau 66 À 67, 79, 94, 160, 170 À 171, 256 À 258, 394, 403, 416, 455, 499 KB Khimmash, design bureau 66, 256, 393 À
KBOM, design bureau 52, 192, 197, 271, 343
KB Salyut, design bureau 273, 276, 282, 329, 374
À 375, 382, 393 À 394,
396 À 397, 403, 452 À 453
KB Saturn, design bureau 66, 96, 256, 400
KBTM, design bureau 407, 409 KB Yuzhnoye, design bureau 68 À 69, 75,
79 À 80, 96, 160, 165, 171, 403, 406 À 407, 409 À 411, 499
see also OKB-586 Keldysh, Mstislav 13 À 14, 25, 60, 162 Role in Buran decision 52 À 56 Keldysh Research Center 417, 447, 454 see also RNII, NII À 1, NII TP Kerimov, Kerim 209, 241 Khludeyev, Yevgeniy 221 Khokhlov, G. 166 À 167 Kholod, research program 454 À 455 Kholod-2, program 447 Khrunichev Factory/Center 166, 273, 282, 329, 363, 415 À 420, 440, 445, 452 À 453 Khrunov, Yevgeniy 37 Khrushchov, Nikita 18, 23, 28, 30, 159 Kiev Radio Factory 103 Kirilenko, Andrey 159, 366 Kizim, Leonid 34, 235 À 236, 239 Klepikov, I. 262 Kleymyonov, Ivan 3 À 4
À 447
Klyucharyov, Viktor 165 Kolyako, Yakob 51, 164 Komarov, Vladimir 43 Komet, rocket plane 10 Kometa, air-launched missile 20, 31 Kompomash, corporation 417 Kononenko, Oleg208 À 210, 469 Konopatov, Aleksandr 170, 340 Koptev, Yuriy 160, 371 À 373, 439
À 440
Korol, R. 161 Korolyov design bureau, see OKB-1, TsKBEM, Energiya design bureau Korolyov, Sergey 3 À 5, 8
À 9, 14, 18, 20, 37, 43, 50 À 51, 63 À 64, 163
Korona, SSTO system 453 Kosberg, Semyon 170 kosmolyot, term for spaceplanes 31 Kosmoplan, spaceplanes 28 À 29
410, 417 Kosmos-881/882, mission 314 Kosmos-997/998, mission 314 Kosmos-1100/1101, mission 314 Kosmos-1374, see BOR-4 missions Kosmos-1445, see BOR-4 missions Kosmos-1517, see BOR-4 missions Kosmos-1614, see BOR-4 missions Kosmos-1686, mission 221, 384 À 385 Kosmos-1767, mission 315 Kosmos-1820, mission 315 Kosmos-1871, mission 315 Kosmos-1873, mission 315 Kosmos-1897, mission 349, 354 Kostikov, Andrey 7 À 8
Kozelskiy, Vladimir 34 Kozlov, Dmitriy 171, 367 Kramer, Saunders 339 Krasnoyarsk Machine BuildingFactory 393 Kravets, V. 348 Krayniy, see Baykonur Krechet, see LOK Krikalyov, Sergey 218, 221, 233, 243, 390 Kristall, Mir module 246, 249, 363, 380 À
À 397
KRT-30, see ROS-7K space station KSLV-1, rocket 420 KTOK, simulator building224 Kucherenko, Anatoliy 178 À 179
Kuchma, Leonid 171 Kuklin, Anatoliy 34 Index 511
Kutakhov, Pavel 35 Kuznetsov, Nikolay 64, 262 see also NK rocket engines Kuznetsova, Tatyana 37 Kvant, rocket 417 KVRB, upper stage 417 L-1, spacecraft 43, 366 L-3, see N-1 rocket L-3M, lunar landingprogram 67 L-29, aircraft 221 L-39, aircraft 221, 300 La-7R1, aircraft 9 La-7R2, aircraft 9 La-15, aircraft 11 La-120R, aircraft 9 La-162, rocket plane 10 La-176 , aircraft 13 La-350, see Burya cruise missile Land Launch, see Zenit rocket Landingcomplex, see Baykonur Lapot, see Spiral spaceplane Lapotok, see PKA spaceplane Lapygin, Vladimir 132, 340 Laveykin, Aleksandr 221 Lavochkin, Semyon 10, 15 Lavrov, Lev 262 Lazarev, Vasiliy 34 Lebedev, Valentin 221, 232 À 233
Leninets, organization 453 Leonov, Aleksey 37, 326 Levchenko, Anatoliy 208 À 209, 212 À 215,
223, 230 À 233, 235, 240 À 243,
302 À 303, 470 LII, ¯ight test center 36, 118, 161, 173, 203
À 204, 240, 243, 288, 290, 318, 385, 456 Pilots assigned to Buran missions 230 À
Pilots assigned to Soyuz missions 234
À 247
BTS-002 ¯ights 300 À 309 Selection of cosmonauts 207 À 215 Likhushin, Valentin 262 LK-1, spacecraft 29 À 30
À 433
LL, ¯yinglaboratories 228 LL, rocket planes 11 LO, Buran payload 222, 329, 381 LOK, spacecraft 123, 125, 142 Lozino-Lozinskiy, Gleb 40, 78, 110, 166, 308, 340, 356, 358, 371 Assigned to NPO Molniya 60 Involvement in Spiral 31, 35 À 36
Luch, satellites 60, 138 À 139, 349, 354, 356 Lukashevich, Vadim 499 À 500
Lunar Expeditionary Complex 60 Lyakhov, Vladimir 34, 235, 241 Lysenko, Aleksandr 208, 211 Lyulka, Arkhip 262 M2F1, liftingbody 37 M-12, hypersonic test vehicle 29 À 30
À 450
M-40(A), see Buran cruise missile M-55(X), aircraft 457 À 458
MA-5A/5D, rocket engines 413 Makarov, Aleksandr 171 Makarov, Oleg326 Makeyev design bureau 130, 415, 417, 453 MAKS, air-launched system 37, 318, 397, 433 À 442, 445, 452 Maksimenko, Valeriy 219 À 220, 470 Maksimov, Aleksandr 162 Malyshev, Yuriy 34 Malyutka, rocket plane 8 Mamontov, Gennadiy 211 Manakov, Gennadiy 218 À 219, 243, 249, 471 Manarov, Musa 221, 240 À 242, 340
MAP, ministry 18, 31, 47 À 48, 71, 81, 174, 204, 209, 212, 262 Con¯icts with MOM 35 À 36, 449
À 450
Role in cosmonaut selection 204, 209, 212
Role in crewingdecisions 232 À 233, 243 À 246 Role in Energiya À Buran 60, 161 512 Index Marchuk, Guriy 162 Maslyukov, Yuriy 160 MD-185, rocket engine 262 À 263, 407, 418 Me-263-V1, rocket plane 10 MEK, coordinatingbody 81, 163 Melnikov, Gennadiy 57, 162 Menitskiy, Valeriy 36 Meshcheryakov, Ivan 162 Metallist, factory 170 Meteor-3M, satellite 407 MG-19, see M-19 Mi-8, helicopter 211 Mi-10, helicopter 254 À 255
Mi-26, helicopter 172 À 173 MiG-15, aircraft 11 MiG-23, aircraft 168 MiG-25, aircraft 31, 213, 222, 240, 243, 287
MiG-25PU, aircraft 229 MiG-25RBK, 229, 354 MiG-25RU, aircraft 150 MiG-25-SOTN, aircraft 229, 300, 333, 350 À
À 355
MiG-27, aircraft 205 MiG-29, aircraft 211, 216 MiG-31, aircraft 35, 211, 455 MiG-2000, spaceplane 452 MiGAKS, spaceplane 452 MIK OK, see Baykonur Mikoyan, Artyom 10, 30 À 31, 35, 447 Mikoyan design bureau, see OKB-155, MMZ Zenit Mikoyan, Stepan 290 MIK RN, see Baykonur Military Industrial Commission, see VPK Minayev, Aleksey 36 Ministry of Armaments 18, 21 Ministry of Defense 48, 52, 56, 58, 60, 81, 161, 204, 232, 369, 372, 374, 399, 415
À 416, 451
Ministry of the Aviation Industry, see MAP
Ministry of General Machine Building, see MOM
Mir space station 60, 142 À 143, 225, 268, 273, 329, 339, 367, 373, 396 À 397, 411, 423 Buran-derived dockinghardware 379 À
Buran missions to 246 À 249, 375 À 376,
378, 380 ObservingBuran launch from 340, 344 Soyuz TM-4 mission 240 À 243 Soyuz TM-9 mission 243 À 246 Mir-2 space station 142, 367 Buran missions to 375 À 377, 407
With Energiya-launched modules 276, 397
Mironov, A. 302 Mishin, Vasiliy 46, 48, 50 À 51
Mitterand, FrancËois 357 MKB Burevestnik, design bureau 60, 165 À
MKB Molniya, design bureau 60, 166 MKBS, space station 46 MKB Vympel, design bureau 167 MK-KMS, crew module test article 228, 286 MK-M, crew module test article 228, 286 À 287 MKR, spaceplane 453 MKS, designator 85 MMKS, see OK-M1 spaceplane MMZ Zenit, design bureau 31, 50, 60, 166, 433, 452 see also OKB-155, DPKO Raduga Download 0.63 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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