Lesson – Historical monuments in Tashkent. Plan

Mauseloums In Tashkent

3.1 Hazrati Imam mauseloum

During the development of the middle Ages in the vicinity of Tashkent's happened a few settlements with cult memorial. Gradually they entered the city limits, and now the historical and architectural monuments such arrays have become landmarks in Tashkent. Many residents and visitors is a natural interest in the past these architectural ensembles and the root causes of construction in their mausoleums. The beginning of development in the future under the Hazrati Imam was laid Abubakirov Muhammad - one of the greatest imams of the Muslim world of X century. Born and raised in the city Binkent theologian, sometimes called "Madina Shash. In his younger years was a craftsman - locksmith, which subsequently has added to its name the word "Kaffal" (ie, a locksmith) and Shashi (ie, a native of Shasha). In the middle of the X century Abubakir Muhammad became a hermit and lived in the countryside north of external pa-Badan Binkent, near the ancient canal Kalkauz. Closest to him was the largest settlement in the area Chorsu, where there was a bazaar. There selling handicrafts made by him and his disciples. After the death of Abubakirov Shashi over his grave was erected the mausoleum, which became one of the most revered holy sites of the Tashkent region and called the Hazrati Imam (Holy Imam). Sanctity of the tomb has entailed the construction of mosques Namazgokh which were great holidays and countryside services. But by the middle of the XV century in connection with construction of the mausoleum of Sheikh Hovendi Tohura (Shayhantohura) the Hazrati Imam left unattended rulers Tashkent. It was only during the reign of the dynasty tomb Sheibanids Abubakirov Shashi regained function of the main cult memorial. Then, in the village of Hazrat Imam founded the cemetery, where, apart from the townspeople buried members of high society and religious ministry. At the beginning of the XVI century at some distance from kladoischa was buried governor Sheybanihana in Tashkent - the great-grandson of Amir Temur and his grandson Ulugbek - Suyundzhhan. Later it was elevated to the mausoleum of his name, and then madrassas Barakhana. During the reign of Sheibanids territory cult memorial equip with modern conveniences, planting trees, and even adds new objects. In the XVI century, tree-lined shore Kalkauza and departing from it channels become one of the favorite places of the rulers of Tashkent. In the XIX century, after nearly two and a half centuries of stagnation in the building complex of Hazrat Imam was amended in the form of new buildings - Tilla Sheikh Mosque and madrassa Muymuborak. Related to these new buildings with an extremely dilapidated state while madrassas Barakhana and its member Dynasty mausoleums Temurids and Sheibanids. These works were completed the formation of an architectural ensemble of Hazrat Imam. However, the most significant changes in the complex have undergone a 20 - 80 years of the last century. The oldest and most important historical and architectural ensemble of modern Tashkent, located in the heart of old town, for many decades been used for the needs of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. In the madrasa Barakhana settled administrative apparatus Spiritual Directorate and the Mosque of Tilla Sheikh mosque was a Catholic city. In addition, many religious sites were given for housing. At that time, the mausoleum of Hazrat Imam and madrassas Barakhana, partially restored, with the participation of craftsmen, were surrounded by malovyrazitelnoy residential area and are deprived of the show numerous local and foreign tourists. But despite the improvement and landscaping of the territory by the main entrance and courtyard of the complex produced a depressing effect. In addition, the 60-ies on the site of an ancient cemetery in a few dozen meters from the mausoleum of Hazrat Imam was built cinema, what was damaged architectural monument.