Listening audioscript

12. WHAT IS THE LECTURE MAINLY ABOUT? 
13. ACCORDING TO THE LECTURE, WHAT MADE PAPER A MORE ATTRACTIVE 
MATERIAL THAN PARCHMENT? 
14. ACCORDING TO THE PROFESSOR, WHY WAS PARCHMENT CUT UP 
INTO RECTANGULAR PIECES? 
15. ACCORDING TO THE LECTURE, WHAT WAS THE HAIR REMOVAL SOLUTION 
MADE OF? 
16. ACCORDING TO THE LECTURE, WHY ARE PALIMPSESTS 
BENEFICIAL TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF EARLIER PERIODS? 
17. LISTEN AGAIN TO PART OF THE LECTURE. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION. 
 (Professor)
Now let’s talk a little about the production of parchment; parchment is 
made from animal skins and making it is a rather labor-intensive process. 
First, the skin had to be cleaned and then stretched. 
WHY DOES THE PROFESSOR SAY THIS?
(Professor)
OK, so now let’s talk a little about the production of parchment.
 
Page 523
[ mp3 258-259]
Questions 18 through 22. 
Listen to a conversation between a student and a 
professor. 
(Student)
Hello, Professor Davis, do you have a minute? 
(Professor)
Hi, Julia. Come on in ... I’ll be with you in a second … Okay, so what can 
I do for you? 
(Student)
I have a question about … um something that I read …. 
(Professor) 
From last night’s reading assignment? 
(Student)
Oh, no. It was something that I was reading about in a journal in the 
library. And it kind of confused me a bit … because it was talking about 
something that wasn’t mentioned in our textbook. 
(Professor) 
Okay, so what are you confused about?
(Student)
Well, it’s about the part of the textbook that talks about bioluminescence 
and squid. 
(Professor) 
Yes, almost two-thirds of all squid species are bioluminescent. 

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(Student)
Okay, but in the textbook, it said that squid species use the 
bioluminescent light to surprise a predator that’s trying to attack them, 
and then they have a chance to escape. 
(Professor) 
Yeah, that’s how it works. 
(Student)
Well, in this journal article, it talked about how some researchers found a 
huge squid that was using really bright flashes of light to confuse its prey 
before attacking it. That was kind of surprising, so I was just wondering 
why the textbook didn’t mention anything about this. 
(Professor) 
It’s fairly recent research. And actually, there’s a video--it is rather 
amazing. The research team used a newly developed underwater high-
definition video camera that allowed the research team to record video at 
much greater depths. The squid were filmed at depths of between 240 
and 940 meters off the coast of Japan in the northwestern Pacific. 
(Student)
Wow that sounds pretty deep. 
(Professor) 
And we’ve learned some new things about one of the largest species of 
squid known to man. 
(Student)
Yeah, that’s what I found so intriguing about the article, especially the