M. A. I english P. C3 & C6 Modern Linguistics title pmd
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M. A. I English P. C-3 Intr. to Modern Linguistics all
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Reflected Meaning : Reflected meaning is the effect of one meaning on another meaning of the same word. English has borrowed several words from different languages of the world and one of the features of this language is that most words in English carry multiple meanings. Reflected meaning arises when a word has more than one conceptual meaning or multiple conceptual meanings. In such cases, while responding to one sense of the word we partly respond to another sense of the same word. For example, the word 'simple' means 'natural' or 'naive'. If someone says, 'The Principal's response to the letter was simple', the speaker may be using the word 'simple' to mean 'natural', but the other meaning, i.e 'naive' may also reflected on the intended meaning. 6. Collocative Meaning : Collocative meaning consists of the meaning acquired by a word under the influence of word or words that it co-occurs with. Thus, it is the meaning that a word acquires in the company of certain words. Collocative meaning refers to associations of a word because of its usual or habitual co-occurrence with certain type of words. For example: 1. The meaning of the word 'strong' gets specified by the word it co-occurs as in 'Strong argument', 'strong relationship' and 'strong drink'. 2. The meaning of the word 'high' gets specified by the word it co-occurs with as in 'High aspirations', 'high mountain' and 'high hopes'. 7. Thematic Meaning : It is the meaning conveyed by the structure of the discourse where concepts like topic of discourse and focus of discourse are identified. The term 'Topic' refers to 74 what or who we talk about it. Thus, it could also be understood as the 'theme'. On the other hand, 'Focus' is the new information that we dive to the learner or the listener. For example, in the sentence 'The boy jumped', 'the boy' is the topic of the discourse, and 'jumped' is the focus of discourse. This type of meaning refers to what is communicated by the way in which a speaker or a writer organizes the message in terms of ordering focus and emphasis. Thematic meanings helps us to understand the message and its implications properly. Look at the following two sentences: 1. He opened the door. 2. The door was opened by him. Though the above two sentences apparently appear alike, their meanings differ as the active and passive constructions differ in their thematic meanings. In the first sentence, which makes use of the active voice, the emphasis is on the doer of the action, whereas in the sentence, which makes use of the passive voice, the emphasis is on the object, that is the action of opening the door. These examples demonstrate the fact that the change of focus brings about a change in meaning as well. It is felt that as language users, when we are the speaker and also when we are the listener, we must be able to understand all these seven types of meaning well so as to communicate in an effective manner. Download 1.53 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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