M. M. Aliyev 2019 raqamli texnika va mikroprotsessorlar
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Алиев М.М.
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Content
Introduction………………………………………………………… 4 1. The main features of logical algebra……………………………. 4 1.1. The arithmetic basis of digital and microprocessor technology… 4 1.1.1.Calculation system…………………………………………… 4 1.1.2.Decimal number system……………………………………… 5 1.1.3.Binary number system……………………………………….. 6 1.1.4. Hexadecimal system………………………………………… 8 2.1.2. Ideal current source…………………………………………. 8 1.2. Rules for translating from one number system to another…… 10 2. Logical elements and functions…………………………………. 13 2.1. Integrated Circuits…………………………………………….. 13 2.2.Boolean algebra………………………………………………... 14 2.3.Logical elements……………………………………………. 16 2.3.1. The logical gate NOT ……..…………………………….. 17 2.3.2. Buffer (repeater)…………………………………………….. 18 2.3.3 The AND gate………………………………………………... 19 2.3.4. The logical OR gate…………………………………………. 20 2.3.5. The logical XOR gate (exclusive OR)………………………. 22 164 2.3.6.Other logic elements with two inputs………………………... 23 2.3.7. Logical elements with inputs greater than two……………… 25 2.4.The combination of logical elements………………………….. 26 2.5. Different types of diode-transistor logic elements……………. 29 2.5.1. Diode logic representations…………………………………. 29 2.5.2. The logical element OR……………………………………... 30 2.5.3.The logical element of AND…………………………………. 31 2.5.4. The logical element is NOT…………………………………. 31 2.5.5. The logical element OR is NOT…………………………….. 32 2.5.6. Logical element AND – NOT………………………………. 32 2.6. Different types of diode-transistor and transistor-transistor logic elements………………………………………………………….. 34 2.6.1. Diode-transistor logic elements……………………………… 34 2.6.2. Transistor sheath elements…………………………………... 36 2.7. Methods of representing logical functions…………………….. 38 2.8. Minimization of logic functions. Table Carnot……………….. 41 2.8.1. Minimization of logic functions……………………………... 41 2.8.2. Carnot table………………………………………………….. 42 3.Combination devices……………………………………………... 45 3.1 Multiplexers and Encoders…………………………………….. 45 3.1.1. Multiplexers…………………………………………………. 45 3.1.2. Encoders…………………………………………………….. 49 3.2. Demultiplexers and decoders…………………………………. 52 3.2.1. Demultiplexers and their basic concepts……………………. 52 3.2.2. Decoders and their basic concepts (decoder)……………….. 54 3.3. Summators. Subtraktory. Arithmetiko-logic device…………… 59 3.3.1. The semiconductor………………………………………….. 59 3.3.2. Full adder……………………………………………………. 60 165 3.3.3. N - bit parallel adder………………………………………… 61 3.3.4. Subtractor (subtraction)…………………………………….. 62 3.3.5. Arithmetic Logic Device…………………………………… 64 3.4. Coding devices. Digital comparators. Converters of the codes Indicators……………………………………………………………. 66 3.4.1 Single digit digital comparator………………………………. 66 3.4.2. A large discharge comparator………………………………. 68 3.4.3.Code converter………………………………………………. 71 4. Serial devices……………………………………………………. 74 4.1. Sequential logic circuits……………………………………….. 74 4.1.1 Asynchronous RS triggers……………………………………. 77 4.1.2 Synchronous RS Triggers…………………………………… 80 4.1.3. JK – Triggers………………………………………………… 82 4.1.4. D – triggers…………………………………………………... 84 4.1.5. T – triggers…………………………………………………... 86 4.2. Registers……………………………………………………….. 90 4.2.1 Parallel Registers……………………………………………... 91 4.2.2. Sequential registers………………………………………… 92 4.2.3.Reversivnye shift registers…………………………………… 95 4.3. Counters, their schemes and operating principles…………….. 96 4.3.1.Classification of meters……………………………………… 96 4.3.1.1.Summing counter………………………………………….. 97 4.3.1.2. The counting counter……………………………………… 99 4.3.1.3.Reversive counter………………………………………….. 100 4.3.2. Synthesis of counters based on triggers…………………….. 101 5. Digital - analog and analog - to - digital converters. Basic concepts………………………..……………………………………. 104 5.1. Digital to analog converters (DACs)…………………………. 105 166 5.1.1. DAC with a sum of weight currents………………………… 106 5.1.2. DAC based on the resistive matrix R - 2R…………………. 107 5.1.3. DAC for converting binary-decimal numbers………………. 109 5.2. Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs)…………………………. 110 5.2.1. ADC with parallel conversion of the input analog signal…… 112 5.2.2. ADC with serial conversion of the input signal……………... 113 5.2.3. ADC with double integration………………………………... 115 5.2.4. Sequential-parallel ADCs……………. Bibliography 118 Aliyev M.M. Download 5.01 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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