Manufacturing and services

MANUFACTURING AND SERVICES
CNC is the abbreviation of Computer Numerical Control. CNC machining is any kind of machining process controlled by a computer. Computer automation can manufacture parts faster more accurately and more precisely than parts produced by manual machining better suited to complex geometries. CNC also reduces the amount of manual machining work that would otherwise be done by humans. While they don't machine every part themselves people are critical to the programming and operation of the machinery to ensure that every operation runs smoothly.
How does CNC machining work?Programs now used for CNC machining are written in G-code and are usually created automatically by CAM software. CAM or Computer Aided Manufacturing software produces G-code for a 3D model for a given tool and workpiece material. This G code controls the CNC machine i.e. the movement of the tool workpiece and any tool changes. It even has commands to turn the coolant and other auxiliary components on or off. CNC machining can be used on a variety of materials the most common being aluminum steel brass ABS Delrin and nylon. But in fact almost any hard material can be CNC machined.
About the CNC machining processCNC or Computer Numerical Control Machining is a subtractive manufacturing method that uses a combination of computer control and machine tools to remove layers from a stationary material. The desired cuts in the metal are programmed according to the corresponding tools and machines which perform the machining tasks in an automatic manner.Depending on the type of part that needs to be machined there are different types of CNC machines that are best for the job. CNC milling uses CNC milling machines that consist of multi-axis systems (3 4 or 5 axes depending on part complexity). CNC turning involves a lathe which usually has 2 axes and uses a circular motion to cut the workpiece. An electrical discharge machine (EDM) uses electric sparks to form a workpiece into the desired shape. Gear hobbing is another machining process used to cut gears splines and sprockets. Other CNC machine types include plasma cutters and water jet cutters.CNC machined parts are more functional and generally have superior production quality and finish compared to part manufacturing via additive manufacturing. Therefore CNC machining is often used in the mid to late stages of development when the part is ready for functional accuracy testing.
While most details such as tooling spindle speed tool type and depth of cut are handled in the machine shop there are some key things you can do when designing your parts not only to make sure they are manufacturable but also to make sure you Develop lean products that won't break the bank.
Organizations can be divided into two broad categories: manufacturing organizations and service organizations, each posing unique challenges for the operations function. There are two primary distinctions between these categories. First, manufacturing organizations produce physical, tangible goods that can be stored in inventory before they are needed. By contrast, service organizations produce intangible products that cannot be produced ahead of time. Second, in manufacturing organizations most customers have no direct contact with the operation. Customer contact occurs through distributors and retailers. For example, a customer buying a car at a car dealership never comes into contact with the automobile factory. However, in service organizations the customers are typically present during the creation of the service. Hospitals, colleges, theaters, and barber shops are examples of service organizations in which the customer is present during the creation of the service. Strategic Decision: Manufacturers do not just offer products, and service organization does not just offer services. Both types of organizations normally provide a package of goods and services. Customers except both good service and good food at a restaurant and both good service and quality goods from a retailer. Manufacturing firms offer many customer services, and a decreasing proportion of the value added by them directly involves the transformation of materials.
Process: Even though service providers cannot inventory their outputs, they must inventory the inputs for their products. These inputs must undergo further transformations during the provision of the service.
Quality: As for customer contact, many service operations have little outside customer contacts, such as the backroom operation of a bank or the baggage handling area at an airport. However, everyone in an organization has some customers outside customers or inside customers whether in services or manufacturing.