Ментал арифметика мактабгача ёшдаги болаларга оғзаки санашни ўҚитишнинг ноанъанавий усули сифатида

Ключевые слова: счеты; ментальная арифметика; логика; фотографическая память; логика; мышление.

Аnnotation

The article is devoted to the formation of the necessary conditions for thinking, intellectual abilities, general culture, raising children 6-7 years old, ensuring their further social success. The content of the work is aimed at the all-round development of preschoolers, taking into account their age and individual characteristics.

Keywords: abacus; mental arithmetic; logic; photographic memory; logic; thinking.
The development of a child literally begins in the first days of life. Mental arithmetic is one of the youngest and most promising methods for educating children. Develops the child's mental ability so that any arithmetic tasks are simple and quick for him. Mental arithmetic is a unique way of developing children’s intellectual abilities by teaching them to use an instrument (abacus). By performing special exercises, you will develop:

1. Small motor skills

2. Attention

3. Speed ​​of thinking

4. Memory.

5. Most importantly, the harmonious development of both hemispheres of the brain and the rapid result is a visible effect. It is known that in humans, the right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for creativity, perception and image creation, while the left is responsible for logic. When working with the left hand, we “turn on” the right hemisphere, the left with the right hand. The synchronous operation of the two hemispheres provides great opportunities for the development of the child. And the task of mental arithmetic is to involve the whole brain in the learning process. The reason for this is to perform transactions on accounts with both hands. Mental arithmetic not only helps to acquire quick calculation skills, but also helps to develop analytical skills. If modern calculators calm mental processes, then the abacus, on the contrary, exercises and improves them.

The mental arithmetic curriculum consists of two stages. First, children learn how to count bones using two hands at the same time for these operations. The inclusion of both hemispheres in the computational process ensures rapid execution and memorization of movements. Thanks to the abacus (soroban), children can freely add, subtract, divide and multiply, as well as count square and cubic roots. In the second phase of the program, children begin to consider consciousness (imagining abacus-patterned needles in front of them, or imagining on a mental level). The most active development of the brain occurs in people between the ages of 4 and 12 (sometimes up to 16 years). Therefore, the acquisition of basic skills should be done during this period. Therefore, experts recommend that children of a foreign language learn at this age, learn to play musical instruments and other activities. Mental arithmetic fits this list. Stimulating this type of brain activity will help make subsequent reading easier and more efficient. The main goals of mental arithmetic are concentration, the development of photographic memory and creative thinking, logic and imagination, hearing and observation. With a professional approach and successful achievement of goals, a child can perform complex arithmetic tasks in his or her brain. For example, adding 10-digit numbers in a matter of seconds, as well as solving complex calculation problems faster than a calculator. The program not only covers the field of mathematics, but also helps the child in other areas of education. It gives him confidence, allows him to cope with several things at once. Mathematical development is an important component in shaping a child’s “picture of the world”. Children need to be brought up with a constant interest in mathematical knowledge, the ability to use them, and a desire to acquire them independently. Preschool development allows you to maximize the boundaries of intellectual thinking at an early age, using a variety of methods. Teaching a child to count in the mind is a science, but nothing will help him in the future. Parents may ask the question: is there a need to force a child to learn verbal counting if he or she does not ask or understand such a need? I think it's worth it. The ability to count intelligently helps a child to read and conquer any height in creativity, because nothing develops the two hemispheres of the brain better. This ability stimulates the work of the whole brain in the process of learning and mastering the material. Children succeed in arithmetic and other subjects because they significantly increase their memory and ability to receive information. Learning an account: where to start? The interest in counting consciousness awakens in children early, even at preschool age, and it is necessary to continue feeding it so that it does not wither. This can be encouraged through a variety of learning games: start with a simple recalculation of toys and focus on the multiplication table in elementary grades, or move on to learning mental arithmetic as you progress. At the beginning of the trip, and even before the school door, you need to teach your child to count to 10, then move on to two-digit counting. For training, you can use pictures, toys, or other similar items that are stored in the child’s memory and will help him or her in the future. However, when teaching a child, it is important to make sure that he does not count with his fingers or sticks. This method is easy to learn and requires a lot of effort to unlock because the memory mechanism does not work. It’s the same with a calculator: people who are accustomed to believing in it don’t read it later, and as a result, the ability to calculate in the mind suffers. One of the most effective methods is mental arithmetic. Its essence is to teach children to count. When a child learns to count to ten, you can start classes from the age of four. What is mental arithmetic? A method that allows the effective development of mental abilities based on teaching a child the ability to perform mathematical calculations in the mind was created 2000 years ago. The main tool of training is Soroban arithmetic scores. Training with them allows you to use both hemispheres in the brain at the same time. The left hemisphere has the right use of left and right hands, stimulating fine motor skills. What does the technique give? The basis of the methodology is the development of photographic memory. The child begins to think creatively, hearing and observation improve. All this frees the children. How to develop preschool children has always been and will always be a problem for parents. With constant employment and a lack of their knowledge and skills to teach a child to count, a child sitting at a school desk from day one begins to lose confidence in their mental ability along with their more trained classmates.

Mental arithmetic is a technology for developing mental abilities that teaches children to use their abilities appropriately and develops both hemispheres of the brain. This technology has been used in 52 countries for more than 2,000 years, and millions of happy parents are already convinced of its effectiveness. Mental arithmetic can reveal to a child not only the talents of a mathematician, but also the talent of an artist, a musician, and even a poet. In addition to enhancing his thinking potential, the creative aspects of his personality will also be revealed. Mental arithmetic is a technology for parents who want to see their children happy and successful in the future. Before the age of 12, only one skill can change the future of our children. Mental arithmetic is a popular type of exercise that leads to real results in children’s development. We not only teach children to count, but also develop them in every way.

References

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3. Frank Michael. Barner D. Visualize the exact number using a mental abacus. URL: http://www.ucmasgujarat.org/files/documents/Frank-&-Barner---May-2011.pdf.

4. Rootenberg S. Universal Concepts Mental Arithmetic System Pdf [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.jarwan-center.com/download/universal-concepts-mental-arithmetic-system-pdf.

5.Childraft-The flow and Why Library. Mathemagie. (Reg. U.S. Pat and T.M. Off Marca Registrada). Chicago, World Book Inc., 2008. - 288 p.

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7.Mathematics in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3–8 years). Definitions, Theories, Development and Progression. By Professor Bob Perry. Charles Sturt University, Australia. 2014. Educational Research Center - 166 p.