Microsoft Word Chapter 1 done doc

 
11.4 SUMMARY : 
Human being is constantly involved in social interactions. In 
this process, he/she affects or gets affected by social situations.
Conformity is one of such phenomenon. Conformity occurs when 
individuals change their attitudes or behaviour to comply with social 
norms-rules or expectations about how they should behave in 
various situations. Conformity is affected by many factors like 
cohesiveness, group size and type of social norms. Two distinct 
types of social norms exist; descriptive norms, which describe how 
most people behave in a given situation and injunctive norms, 
which indicate which behaviours are approved or disapproved in a 
given situation. We conform because of two social motives: the 
need to be liked and the need to be right. Even, there are strong 
tendencies to conform; individuals often resist social pressure 
because there is wish to maintain individuality.
Compliance involves efforts by one or more individuals to 
change the behaviour of others. Mainly there are six principles to 
gain compliance: friendship/liking, commitment/consistency, 
scarcity, reciprocity, social validation, and authority. There are 
many techniques to gain conformity like door in the face, the foot in 
the mouth, and that’s not all, playing hard to get and the fast 
approaching deadline technique, complaining and the pique 
technique. 
The most visible form of social influence is obedience- 
following direct orders from another person. This obedience occurs 
because of factors as authority figures gradually escalate the scope 
of their orders, they have visible signs of power, and there is little 
time for target persons to consider their actions in details. 
11.5 REFERENCE : 
 
• Baron, R. A., Byrne, D., and Branscombe, N. R. (2006). Social 
Psychology. (11
th
edition, Indian print).