Microsoft Word Glossary March 2011 doc

Contraction 
A shorter form of a group of words, which usually occurs in auxiliary verbs, e.g. you have = you’ve; it is = it’s. 
 
Contrast
To compare the differences between two things.  
 
Contrastive stress: see stress. 
 
Contribute 
To give or add something, e.g. in the classroom, learners can contribute to a discussion by taking part and giving their 
ideas.
 
Contributor: see teacher role. 
 
Controlled practice: see practice. 
 
Convey meaning 
To express or communicate meaning. Teachers focus on conveying meaning when they present new language. 
 
Co-operation 
noun,
 co-operate 
verb, 
co-operative 
adjective 
Working together and helping each other. In some group work activities learners co-operate to find the answer or 
solve a problem.
 
 
► 
Co-ordinating conjunction 
Conjunctions which link two main clauses or two other grammatical units which have the same grammatical 
status. ‘and’ and ‘but’ are examples of co-ordinating conjunctions e.g. He was keen but lazy; He played football 
and tennis. See conjunction. 
 
Core 
The most important, central or most basic part of something. See root word, base word. 
 

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© UCLES 2011
\\filestorage\ESOL\AOG\Assessment\Exams\TKT\Glossary\Glossary March 2011 v2.doc 
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Correction 
 
Echo correction - When learners make a mistake, the teacher repeats the mistake with rising intonation 
encouraging learners to correct themselves, e.g. 
Learner:
He don’t like it. 
Teacher:
Don’t? 
Learner:
He doesn’t like it.