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UNIT – II THEORIES OF TRANSLATION
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Translation Studies
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- UNIT - II LESSON – I TYPES OF TRANSLATION
UNIT – II THEORIES OF TRANSLATION
1) Lesson – I Types of Translation a) Full vs. Partial translation b) Total vs. Restricted translation c) Phonological and Graphological translation d) Rank – bound translation e) Communicative and Semantic translation 2) Lesson – II Translation theories: Ancient and Modern a) Theories of the Ancients b) Theories of the Middle Ages c) Theories of this Century d) A General translation theory e) Partial translation theories 3) Lesson – III Nida’s three base models of translation a) Grammatical Analysis b) Referential Meaning c) Connotative Meaning 4) Lesson – IV (Nida’s models contd.) Transfer and Restructuring a) Problems in Transfer b) Stages of Transfer c) Dimensions and Varieties of Languages d) Restructuring 5) Lesson – V Linguistics of Translation a) Divisions of Syntagmatic collocations b) Three series of semantic categories c) Languages as code and system d) Varieties of Interference 35 UNIT - II LESSON – I TYPES OF TRANSLATION Translation, as Casagrande (1953) puts it, is the most complex art produced in the evolution of Cosmos.This statement is the best and the finest starting point to go deep into this discipline called TRANSLATION. Alexander Fraser Tytler (1790), the most celebrated theoretician on translation of his century, is of the opinion that translation is that in which the merit of the original is so completely transfused into another language so as to be as distinctly apprehended, and as strongly felt, by a native of the country to which that language belongs, as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. Thus, the theory of translation is concerned with a certain type of relation between languages and is consequently a branch of Comparative Linguistics. From the point of view of translation theory the distinction between synchronic and diachronic comparison is irrelevant. Translation equivalences may be set up, and translations performed, between any pair of languages or dialects-‘related’ or ‘unrelated’ and with any kind of spatial, temporal, social or other relationship between them. Relations between languages can generally be regarded as two-directional, though not always symmetrical. Translation, as a process, is always unidirectional: it is always performed in a given direction, ‘from’ a Source Language ‘into ‘a Target Language. SL = Source Language, TL = Target Language.The central problem of translation-practice is that of finding TL translation equivalents. A central task of translation theory is that of defining the nature and conditions of translation equivalence. Before going on to discuss the nature of translation equivalence it will be useful to define some broad types or categories of translation in terms of the extent, levels and ranks of translation. Download 1.1 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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