Hybrid Gas StreamingSandy Hugheselementar Americas, Inc.
Who is Elementar? Who is Elementar? Hybrid Gas Streaming offerings in 2010Core Operations- Combustion
- Gas separation
- Gas detection
Chemistry
Manufacturing, Research and Development Manufacturing, Research and Development elementar Analysensysteme GmbH- Elemental analyzers (CHNS/O)
- Located in Hanau, Germany (30 minutes from Frankfurt Airport)
- R&D, applications and training lab, manufacturing, administration
- Subsidiary - Isoprime Ltd
- Isotope Ratio Mass Spectometers
- Located near Manchester, U.K
- R&D, applications and training lab, manufacturing, administration
elementar Americas Inc- Sales, Service, Applications & Supplies - USA and Canada
- opened in 1998 in Mt. Laurel, NJ (30 minutes from Philadelphia )
- 18 employees
Micro scale CHNS/O - vario MICRO cube
- vario EL cube
Macro scale CHNS/O TOC
Combustion - Sample combusts in furnace at 950 deg C to 1200 deg C
- Sample drops into crucible
- Jet injection of oxygen via lance right over/at sample
- Creates turbulent flow around sample
- like blowing on a fire
- Helium carrier gas pushes combustion gases through analyzer. Argon is alternate gas.
- C, H and S combustion gases are trapped in separate columns, then sequentially released (aka “purge and trap”).
- N2 gas is not trapped. It flows straight thru columns.
Gas Detection - TCD – Thermal Conductivity Detector. Combustion gases and reference gas have different thermal conductivities.
- R3 and R4 are thermistors (resistors whose resistance changes with temperature).
- TCD creates voltage signal which is integrated over time and calibrated to elemental mass.
- The voltage signal is created as follows:
- Electric current in R3 and R4 thermisters increases their temperatures relative to TCD metal mass surrounding path of gas flow.
- R3 thermister is cooled by thermal conductivity of column gas. R4 thermister is cooled by thermal conductivity of reference gas.
- R3 vs R4 temperature difference creates difference in thermister resistance which creates voltage signal.
Combustion Combustion- R-N + O2 ----> N2 + NOx + O2 + CO + CO2 + CH4 + X- + SOx + H2O
Post Combustion- CO + CH4 ---CuO & Pt --> CO2 + H2O
Reduction- NOx+O2 +SO2--tungsten--> N2+WO3 +CO (trace)
- CO + CuO --------> CO2
- X- via reaction with silver wool
- H2O via condensation, membrane dryer and Sicapent
- Tr S02 via reaction with tungsten
Nitrogen Carbon Dioxide - rapid N – “fades” into carrier gas
- Max and Macro – separated on purge and trap column, then released and detected by TCD.
This option enables elementar CN and N analyzers to stream only a portion of the combustion gases to the reduction tube for reduction and subsequent detection. The reduction tube accordingly has a longer life. This option enables elementar CN and N analyzers to stream only a portion of the combustion gases to the reduction tube for reduction and subsequent detection. The reduction tube accordingly has a longer life.
Operator control Operator control- Operator turns on gas streaming and defines the streaming ratio
- User can optimize analyzer performance for customer’s mix of samples
- Turn off gas streaming for very small samples or low concentrations
- Turn on gas streaming for long runs of larger samples
Continuous Process- The gas steaming process uses a mass flow controller. There is no ballast tank and no aliquot loop.
- Maintenance is very low.
Reduction tube life is extended- Up to three times longer life for reduction tube.
- Lower Consumables cost.
- Fast payback – depends on samples per day, see attached.
- Longer runs. Less downtime.
-
Mid-Atlantic Soil Testing & Plant Analysis Work Group Questions, Comments, or Suggestions
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
