Ministry of higher and secondary education of the republic of uzbekistan karakalpak state university

1 .a) He will sell his house (rare)
b)He is going to sell his house (normal)
2.a) He will sell it if you ask him (normal)
b) he is going to sell it if you ask him (rare)
" to be going to" with a personal subject implies a much stronger intention than the Future Tense
with shall-will does. Here is an example of its emotional use in expressive language:.... I am going to have money some day ... and I'm going to have pretty clothes and all of them are going in.
The passive fomis in modern english are represented oy analytic combinations of the auxiliary verb to be with the past participle of the conjuated verb. The verb to get can also function as an auxiliary of the passive. E.g. 1) my dress got caught on a nail.
2) he got struck by a stone.
These are not new usage, but ones which are spreading.
There are fixed patterns of usage with such verbs of motion as: come, go, grow, fall, set and take. These are generally used to indicate ingression with a clear differentiation in meaning: 1 get+prp+gerund and take+prp+gerund will denote that some activity or state has just set in e.g.she got to thinking. She took to thinking.

2. 
   fall+prp+gerund is associated with a sudden begining of the activity, as in: Peggotty fell to kissing the key- hole, as she couldn't kiss me( Dickens, David,65)
   
3. 
   set+prp+gerund means to begin activity or earnesty, e.g. I came up and set to writing.
   

A special interest attraches to situational synonyms on the grammatical level created through transposition of related grammatical forms.

1. 
   eg. The opposition Present- Future is neutralized: "are you coming?"is synonymous with " will you come?"
   
2. 
   she's taking her boy to Loring next week...(Galsworthy, Song). She's taking is synonymous with "she will take".
   
3. 
   Present continuous and Present Indefinite may function as situational synonyms in cases like the following:... you are always wasting money on something (Galsworthy, Chancery, 117) "you are always wasting" is synonymous with "you always waste".
   

The situational context can neutralize the opposition "Indicative-Imperative". Ex: You are not going in there( Gordon, Day,212). Synonymous are: you are not going in there = Don't go= you shall not go there.
The present continuous and the Future Indefinite as stylistic synonyms of the Imperative mood express cold and categorical command.
Not less characteristic is the subjective use of the interogative forms of the Future tense implying command or request. E.g. "will you both sit still?" is synonymous with "you both sit still!".
"will all of you be quiet, children?" is synonymous with "be quiet, all of you children".
Established by long use, the synonymic patterns of this kind are already integral parts of the structure of the Modem English.
Recommended literature. 1 .ИвановаИ.П.,БурлаковаВ.В.,ПоченцовГ.Г. Теоретическаяграмматика
современного английского языка. М.,1991. 2.Теоретическая грамматика английского языка. JL, 1983 3.11yish В. A. The structure of Modern English grammar. Leningrad 1971.

4. 
   Rayevska N.M. Modern English grammar. Part I. Kiev, 1967
   
5. 
   A theoretical English grammar. Syntax. Moscow 1969.