Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan
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Workbook Scale up II
UNINTENDET
CONSEQUENCES
The first part of listening tape
An unintended consequence is a usual process in life; human history has experienced a number of situations related to this issue. Most of them bring to negative or even fatal outcomes; some may probably be estimated as much more positive consequence. But those situations should teach people not to make err or a mistake like those in future. Most of them have already been accepted as "good lessons" by humanity. Today we have decided to talk about unexpected drawbacks and benefits. To have a profound idea of these issues we have invited a sociologist Mr. Rakhim Muhammadiyev.
- Good morning, Mr. Muhammediyev, thank you for coming to our studio. Would you like to tell us about unexpected benefits? - There are some events which brought unexpected benefits in the human history as well: the medieval policy of setting up large hunting reserves for the nobility has preserved green space, often as parks, throughout England and other places in Europe. That assisted in having got marvelous environmental surroundings in many landscape places. Another example with unanticipated consequences is connected with medicine! Some manufactured pills to cure this or that illness turned out to be useful for some other illnesses as well; these helped humanity to win over a number of sicknesses.
- Now, let's speak about negative unexpected consequences.
- It is a pity that humanity has faced with a number of unforeseen negative consequences. Some really have put unforgettable tracks in human life which can still be seen. I can tell you several examples of unintended drawbacks: let's take the USA experience then. In 1920 the American government decided to prohibit alcohol production and trade in the country. That gave a wide way to illegal alcohol producing which caused the rapid growth in crime commitment, besides; the quality of it was terrible. A lot of people were hospitalized after drinking unqualified or uncontrolled alcoholic beverages. The most surprising fact about this event is that criminal, illegal organizations had become even stronger than before by earning a big sum of money through illegal business in the USA. You see how America suffered from its own law of prohibition! That is a pity that mostly humanity wants to interfere into environmental matters which also end with a lot of catastrophic, tragic outcomes influencing human life badly. - Nature does not like such interferences as we all know now. - Sure, no one has a right to change something in nature as each part of nature is linked to each other by chain system. If human beings try to alter eco-system it may end fatally. Let's take some examples. Cane toads which were brought to Australia became an unsuccessful experience. They were introduced into Australia to control cane-field pests but afterwards they turned into harmful pests themselves.
The second part of the listening tape - One of the most popular and tragic stories in human history related with environment was connected with Australian experiment again. It is a famous "rabbit matter" issue! Rabbits were introduced into Australia and New Zealand at the end of the 18th century by the First Fleet. They were brought into those countries to provide citizens with sufficient food. But the rabbit population grew so rapidly that the government could not help controlling them any more. Warm winters, enough food caused rabbits' breeding the whole year, after being released, thousands of rabbits started to wander over parks, fields and even throughout city
Scale Up 43
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