Ministry of higher and secondary specialized education of the republic of uzbekistan

MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF

THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Faculty of Primary Education of

Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz

  1v group student

Safarniyozova Feruza's written work on English language

Teacher: Kunnazarova. G.

Theme: Environment

Task :

Write a paragraph on one of given environmental problem a) Air pollution b) Water pollution c) Global warming

 Air pollution is a type of environmental pollution that affects the air and is usually caused by smoke or other harmful gases, mainly oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen.

The main threat to the planet is us. We damage the place where we live, pollute the air we breathe every day and destroy other species’ life, too. Air pollution is one of the main problems nowadays. Millions of people all over the world live in areas where the air is extremely polluted and dangerous to be breathed. Needless to say, in most cases air pollution is caused by people. Numerous factories every day release into the atmosphere tons of poisonous chemicals and even heavy metals. This not only affects the atmosphere, but influences man’s health as well. As a result, people suffer from asthma, cough, lung diseases and many other dangerous maladies. Furthermore, the number of cars and other means of transport is increasing rapidly. Many families today have more than one car and this makes the things even worse. Car emissions destroy the ozon layer which is highly essential for the protection of our planet from light of the Sun. Finally, the air condition is closely related to the water state. Acid rains occur when sulphur and nitrogen compounds mix with moisture of the air. After these rains, water in lakes and rivers becomes polluted and fish and plants can hardly survive there.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into the natural environment. For example, releasing inadequately treated wastewater into natural water bodies can lead to degradation of aquatic ecosystems. In turn, this can lead to public health problems for people living downstream. They may use the same polluted river water for drinking or bathing or irrigation. Water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of death and disease, e.g. due to water-borne diseases.

Water is a liquid chemical substance which is vital for life. We use water for many purposes and we can’t do without it. We drink water, wash everything with it and produce many goods on the base of water. In addition, other inhabitants of our planet need it not less than we do. Animals and plants drink it as well and some of them also live in water. So water is essential for the whole planet. However, the water has been polluted disastrously. Seas, oceans, rivers and lakes have become a place into which factories pour poisonous chemicals and waste. After that water becomes polluted and dangerous to live in. Millions of plants and fish die; animals leave their usual places of living as they have no water to drink. The same problem arises among people. People in Africa often have to walk many kilometers to find some potable water. Water in India has also a poor quality and people suffer from many diseases because of that. Even if people from developed countries don’t have such problems, they don’t have to take water for granted. If we continue to pollute and to consume more water, its resources will be soon drained and we will die due to our carelessness. We should care about our planet and try to improve the situation, not to make the things worse.

Water pollution is a major global problem. It requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of death and diseases.Water pollution accounted for the deaths of 1.8 million people in 2015.

Global warming is the ongoing rise of the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of various effects of the warming. It is a major aspect of climate change which, in addition to rising global surface temperatures, also includes its effects, such as changes in precipitation.While there have been prehistoric periods of global warming, observed changes since the mid-20th century have been unprecedented in rate and scale.

Our planet is facing a very serious environmental crisis today. It is called global warming. And it is the result of man’s intervention with our nature.

Power stations, cars, factories and plants produce an enormous amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) nowadays. Cement production and burning of carbon-based fuels have boosted its concentration in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Perfume sprays and carbons used in refrigerators also contribute to global warming. Trees and plants are able to change carbon dioxide back to vital oxygen. However humankind is rapidly cutting down trees in the Amazon rainforests. That is why the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is constantly increasing.

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, it allows infrared radiation from the sun to enter the atmosphere on the Earth and not to leave it. This process causes the surface to heat up. Scientists discovered that the polar ice caps and glaciers around the world were melting. It creates more water and raises sea levels. In many parts of our planet, from North Pole to South Pole, there are intense floods on land near the coast. In general, the world’s climate is changing: warm areas are suffering from severe winters, and cold areas are getting warmer.

If warming continues, the sea levels are expected to rise much more. Floods, storms and hurricanes are likely to become stronger. All the cities near the sea-shore will be under water. Besides, some infectious diseases (malaria, for example) can become common with increasing temperatures. And our crops will be infected with diseases too. So it’s a common concern of humankind to save our planet. There are many possible ways to make our climate stable and safe: increasing forestlands, vehicle fuel economy, using of wind and solar power and many others.