Ministry of higher education, science and innovations of the republic of uzbekistan termiz state university

The summary of the Chapter I.
The first chapter of this work is devoted to politeness as a universal conceptual category, approaches to the study of politeness, politeness strategies in linguistic culture and the relationship between language and culture, respectively, the first chapter is divided into three parts, in which the listed topics are studied in more detail. Based on the above theoretical data, the following conclusions can be drawn for this part of the study:

1. 
   An analysis of the literature of recent years indicates an increase in public interest in the linguistic and non-verbal features of the expression of politeness in different cultures. The concept of "politeness" is considered in the work from the standpoint of a cultural approach, which explains the nature of its representation from the cultural characteristics of a particular country.
   
2. 
   The study revealed that the concept of "politeness" can be perceived simultaneously as a moral quality and demeanor. Politeness as a behavior is a means of maintaining communication between people belonging to different groups of society. Ways of polite communication depend on the etiquette situation and are not perceived out of context. Moreover, all cultures differently understand and show politeness. From this it follows that it is possible to study the cultural features of politeness only in a complex, taking into account the linguistic and extralinguistic features of speech in the etiquette situations of a particular people.
   
3. 
   Hence, in a number of linguistic works it is proposed to distinguish between two types of linguistic politeness: explicit and implicit. Implicit politeness is difficult to describe in a language, since any statement that does not have any linguistic markers of politeness can perform the functions of politeness if it corresponds to the corresponding intentions of the speaker.
   
4. 
   Explicit politeness consists in taking into account the conversion contract and other rules of pragmatic execution, that is, it can be described as compliance with existing norms. Language behavior appropriate to the situation is polite, deviation from it is impolite. The expression of explicit politeness is determined by the rules of etiquette, which, being a stabilizing form of everyday communication, allow individuals at different levels of the hierarchy to maintain contact without losing their "face".
   
5. 
   Politeness in business letter writing involves taking into account the correspondent’s feelings. Therefore the language used should always avoid any choice of words that might be face-threatening. Any reply to a letter received should express thanks for the previous correspondence in the very first paragraph. Whenever possible you should express your pleasure for having received some written communication from your business partner, and invite him not to hesitate contacting you if necessary.