Module 1 – Grammar

Paraphrase 
noun + verb 
To say or write something in a short and clear way, using different words. If a learner is not sure of the exact 
language they need to use, they can paraphrase, i.e. explain their meaning using different language.
 
Prediction 
noun
, predict 
verb 
A technique or learner strategy students can use to help with listening or reading. Students think about the topic 
before they read or listen. They try to imagine what the topic will be or what they are going to read about or listen to.
This makes it easier for them to understand what they read or hear.
Process 
noun
 
A series of actions performed in order to do, make or achieve something. 
 
Process writing 
An approach to writing, which looks at writing as a process and includes different stages of writing such as planning, 
drafting, re-drafting, editing, proofreading. 
Productive skills 
When students produce language. Speaking and writing are productive skills. See receptive skills. 
Proofread 
To read a text checking to see if there are any mistakes in spelling, grammar etc.  
Re-draft: see draft. 
 
Receptive skills 
When students do not have to produce language; instead they read or listen to a text. See productive skills. 

---

______________________________________________________________________________________________
© 
UCLES 
Cambridge 
ESOL 
2005
11
Scan 
To read a text quickly to pick out specific information. 
Skill, subskill 
The four language skills are listening, speaking, reading and writing. Each skill can be divided into smaller subskills 
that are all part of the main skill, e.g. identifying text organisation (reading); identifying word stress (listening).