1964 On Distributed Communications Networks The RAND Corporation publishes a report, principally authored by Paul Baran, for the Pentagon called On Distributed Communications Networks. It describes a distributed radio communications network that could survive a nuclear first strike, in part by dividing messages into segments that would travel independently. 1966 ARPANET project Larry Roberts of MIT’s Lincoln Lab is hired to manage the ARPANET project. He works with the research community to develop specifications for the ARPA computer network, a packet-switched network with minicomputers acting as gateways for each node using a standard interface. 1967 Packet switching Donald Davies, of the National Physical Laboratory in Middlesex, England, coins the term packet switching to describe the lab’s experimental data transmission.
1968 Interface message processors Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc. (BBN) wins a DARPA contract to develop the packet switches called interface message processors (IMPs). 1968 Interface message processors Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc. (BBN) wins a DARPA contract to develop the packet switches called interface message processors (IMPs). 1969 DARPA deploys the IMPs DARPA deploys the IMPs. Kleinrock, at the Network Measurement Center at the University of California at Los Angeles, receives the first IMP in September. BBN tests the "one-node" network. A month later the second IMP arrives at Stanford, where Doug Englebart manages the Network Information Center, providing storage for ARPANET documentation. Dave Evans and Ivan Sutherland, professors researching computer systems and graphics at the University of Utah, receive the third IMP, and the fourth goes to the University of California at Santa Barbara, where Glen Culler is conducting research on interactive computer graphics. 1970 Initial ARPANET host-to-host protocol In December the Network Working Group (NWG), formed at UCLA by Steve Crocker, deploys the initial ARPANET host-to-host protocol, called the Network Control Protocol (NCP). The primary function of the NCP is to establish connections, break connections, switch connections, and control flow over the ARPANET, which grows at the rate of one new node per month. 1970 UNIX operating system At Bell Labs, Dennis Ritchie and Kenneth Thompson complete the UNIX operating system, which gains a wide following among scientists. 1972 First e-mail program Ray Tomlinson at BBN writes the first e-mail program to send messages across the ARPANET. In sending the first message to himself to test it out, he uses the @ sign—the first time it appears in an e-mail address.
1972 First public demonstration of the new network technology Robert Kahn at BBN, who is responsible for the ARPANET’s system design, organizes the first public demonstration of the new network technology at the International Conference on Computer Communications in Washington, D.C., linking 40 machines and a Terminal Interface Processor to the ARPANET. 1972 First public demonstration of the new network technology Robert Kahn at BBN, who is responsible for the ARPANET’s system design, organizes the first public demonstration of the new network technology at the International Conference on Computer Communications in Washington, D.C., linking 40 machines and a Terminal Interface Processor to the ARPANET. 1973 Paper describes basic design of the Internet and TCP In September, Kahn and Vinton Cerf, an electrical engineer and head of the International Network Working Group, present a paper at the University of Sussex in England describing the basic design of the Internet and an open-architecture network, later known as TCP (transmission control protocol), that will allow networks to communicate with each other. The paper is published as "A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection" in IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1975 Initial testing of packet radio networks Initial testing of packet radio networks takes place in the San Francisco area. The SATNET program is initiated in September with one Intelsat ground station in Etam, West Virginia, and another in Goonhilly Downs, England. 1976 TCP/IP incorporated At DARPA’s request, Bill Joy incorporates TCP/IP (internet protocol) in distributions of Berkeley Unix, initiating broad diffusion in the academic scientific research community. 1977 Theorynet Larry Landweber, of the University of Wisconsin, creates Theorynet, to link researchers for e-mail via commercial packet-switched networks like Telenet. 1977 Demonstration of independent networks to communicate Cerf and Kahn organize a demonstration of the ability of three independent networks to communicate with each other using TCP protocol. Packets are communicated from the University of Southern California across the ARPANET, the San Francisco Bay Packet Radio Net, and Atlantic SATNET to London and back.
1979 Internet Configuration Control Board DARPA establishes the Internet Configuration Control Board (ICCB) to help manage the DARPA Internet program. The ICCB acts as a sounding board for DARPA’s plans and ideas. Landweber convenes a meeting of computer researchers from universities, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and DARPA to explore creation of a "computer science research network" called CSNET. 1979 Internet Configuration Control Board DARPA establishes the Internet Configuration Control Board (ICCB) to help manage the DARPA Internet program. The ICCB acts as a sounding board for DARPA’s plans and ideas. Landweber convenes a meeting of computer researchers from universities, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and DARPA to explore creation of a "computer science research network" called CSNET.
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