Notes Acknowledgments
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127–40, 260n24 Pushkov, Nikolay, 208, 276n6 Putin, Vladimir, 65, 201 R-1 missile, 42, 80 R-2 missile, 42, 80 R-3 missile, 44 R-5 missile, 9, 42, 78, 80 R-7 ICBM, 8, 9, 40, 43, 45–9, 52–3, 57, 59, 63, 64, 73, 78, 80, 254n17 R-9 ICBM, 8, 40, 52–3, 56, 57 Raspletin, Aleksandr, 101, 262n6 Raushenbakh, Boris, 73, 98, 257n21, 261n48 Raykin, Arkadiy, 120, 265n35 RD-107 engine, 40, 48 RD-108 engine, 40, 43, 48 RD-180 engine, 63 RD-502 engine, 56 Reagan, Ronald, 104 Roskosmos. See Federal Space Agency
Rozenman, Evgeniy, 105 Rozhdestvenskiy, Valeriy, 162, 271n36 RT-70 antenna, 103, 104 Ruslanova, Lidiya, 25, 251n18 Russian Academy of Sciences. See Academy of Sciences Ryazanskiy, Mikhail, 8, 9, 78, 80, 100, 102–6, 247n36, 258n4, 262n8, 262n13 Ryumin, Valeriy, 177, 194, 272n62, 274n29 S-530 computer, 82–5, 258n14, 259n19, 259n22, 260n25 Safro, Sergey, 7, 27–35, 248n46, 248n47 Sakharov, Andrey, 278n22
266n7 Salyut (1) (DOS) space station, 144, 156–8, 160 Salyut 2 (OPS) space station, 266n5. See also Almaz stations Salyut 3 (OPS) space station, 1, 2, 163, 266n5, 269n7, 271n36, 273n11, 281n31. See also Almaz stations
Salyut 4 (DOS) space station, 269n9, 270n21, 271n42, 274n28, 275n39
131, 185, 266n5, 267n8, 269n8, 271n36, 271n48. See also Almaz stations
Salyut 6 (DOS) space station, 274n29, 274n30, 274n32 Salyut 7 (DOS) space station, 176–7, 269n9, 271n42, 272n59, 272n60, 275n33, 275n39
(DOS), 9, 11, 108, 112, 130, 161, 164, 172–3, 176, 180, 185–7, 202, 264n17 Salyut onboard computers, 132, 138, 267n9 Samara Scientific-Technical Complex. See OKB-276 Samoylov, Valeriy, 68–9, 71, 75, 255n3 Sarafanov, Gennadiy, 1, 162, 164, 171, 231, 271n36, 281n31 Sarant, Alfred (Filipp Staros), 97, 261n39 Saratov State University, 205–6 Saturn V launch vehicle, 61–2 Savin, Anatoliy, 70 Savitskaya, Svetlana, 176–7, 272n59 Scientific-Production Association ELAS, Zelenograd, 133 Scientific-Production Association Energiya. See OKB-1 IND E X 301
Scientific-Production Association Impuls, Severodonetsk, 83 Scientific-Production Association Khartron, Kharkov. See OKB-692 Scientific-Production Association Molniya, 88, 172, 260n28 Scientific-Production Association of Automatics and Instrument Building (NPO AP), 77–8. See also NII AP Scientific-Production Association of Measuring Technology (NPO IT), Kaliningrad (now Korolev), 86 Scientific-Production Association Perseus, 128 Scientific-Production Association Trud. See OKB-276 Scientific-Production Center for Automatics and Instrument Building (NPTs AP), 78. See also NII AP Scientific-Research Center for Electronic Computer Technology (NITsEVT), 10, 84, 86, 128–33, 138–9, 258n16, 267n11, 268n22, 268n24 Scientific-Research Institute Argon, 129. See also Scientific-Research Center for Electronic Computer Technology Scientific-Research Institute No. 1. See NII-1 Scientific-Research Institute No. 88. See NII-88 Scientific-Research Institute No. 108. See NII-108 Scientific-Research Institute No. 335 (NII-335). See Scientific-Research Institute of Micro-Instruments Scientific-Research Institute No. 648. See NII-648 Scientific-Research Institute No. 885. See NII-885 Scientific-Research Institute of Applied Mechanics (NII PM). See NII-944 Scientific-Research Institute of Automatics and Instrument Building. See NII AP Scientific-Research Institute of Automation, Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg). See SKB-626 Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Equipment (NIIAO), 108, 118, 120–3 Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Machine Building. See NII-229 Scientific-Research Institute of Electronic Machinery (NIEM), 81, 129, 131, 258n16, 267n11. See also Scientific-Research Center for Electronic Computer Technology Scientific-Research Institute of Measuring Technology (NII IT).
Association of Measuring Technology Scientific-Research Institute of Micro-Instruments (NII MP), Zelenograd, 132–3, 262n9, 267n9, 267n18 Scientific-Research Institute of Nuclear Physics at Moscow State University, 71, 256n12 Scientific-Research Institute of Precision Instruments (NII TP), Babushkin. See NII-648 Scientific-Research Institute of Precision Technology (NII TT), Zelenograd, 266n3 Scientific-Research Institute of Psychiatry, 11, 238 Scientific-Research Institute of Radar Engineering No. 108. See NII-108 Scientific-Research Institute of Radio Electronics. See NII-10
IND E X 302
Scientific-Research Institute of Space Instrument Building (NII KP). See NII-885 Sea Launch project, 94, 98 secrecy, 13, 31–3, 74, 79, 110, 139, 168–70, 172, 174–6, 209, 230–1, 233–4 Seelow Heights, 22, 71, 256n13 Semenov, Yuriy, 164, 271n41 Semikhatov, Nikolay, 97, 261n44, 261n45
Sevastyanov, Vitaliy, 155, 229, 270n21, 280n25 Shatalov, Vladimir, 3, 10–13, 143–78, 186, 190, 201, 224, 248n40, 248n47, 271n39, 272n52, 273n6, 274n19, 280n19, 281n31 Shonin, Georgiy, 155–6, 270n22 Shumilov, Igor, 75, 257n27 Shura-Bura, Mikhail, 94, 260n35 Siddiqi, Asif, 3, 4 Simvol onboard guidance computer interface, 112 Sirius information display system, 112 SKB-41 (Savin) special design bureau, 70, 256n10 SKB-245 design bureau, 128.
Center for Electronic Computer Technology SKB-626 (Semikhatov) design bureau (Scientific-Research Institute of Automation), Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg), 97, 261n44 Skylab space station, 161 SM-2 computer, 83 Smagliy, Leonid, 23 Small Machines (SM) mini- computer series, 140, 259n23 Smirnitskiy, Nikolay, 26, 251n25 Smirnov, Leonid, 153, 169, 173, 269n16 Sokolov, Boris, 55, 254n27, 254n29 Sokolskiy, Viktor, 233, 282n38 Solovyev, Yuriy, 46 Solovyeva, Irina, 220, 223, 228, 229, 279n10, 280n12 Sondershausen, Germany, 23 Soviet Academy of Sciences. See Academy of Sciences Soyuz 1 mission, 151–2, 173–4, 229–30, 233–4, 270n32 Soyuz 3 mission, 144, 152, 269n13 Soyuz 4/5 mission, 10, 144, 148, 151–6, 173, 224–5, 269n12, 270n26
153–6, 159, 270n19 Soyuz 9 mission, 229 Soyuz 10 mission, 10, 143, 144, 156–8, 160, 270n25 Soyuz 11 mission, 157, 160–2, 165, 171, 270n27, 270n32, 270n34, 271n35
274n28 Soyuz 15 mission, 1–3, 162–4, 171, 231, 244n7, 271n36, 281n31 Soyuz 23 mission, 162, 171, 271n36 Soyuz 7K-S spacecraft, 11, 180, 202–3
Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft, 11, 180, 202–3
Soyuz 7K-VI (Zvezda) program, 185–7, 198 Soyuz FG launch vehicle, 48 Soyuz (Soyuz 7K) spacecraft/ program, 1, 2, 8–10, 40, 73, 108, 112, 124, 147, 150, 170–1, 174–5, 179, 185, 194, 224, 230, 232, 264n17, 274n29
122, 133, 134, 263n16, 266n6, 268n21, 281n32
268n21, 275n33, 275n35, 281n32
IND E X 303
Soyuz TM spacecraft, 9, 108, 112, 122, 263n16, 264n19, 265n40 Soyuz TMA spacecraft, 10, 108, 113, 116, 123, 264n19, 265n40 Soyuz VI program, 11, 180 Soyuz–Apollo Project. See Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) Special Design Bureau No. 1.
Special Design Bureau No. 16. See OKB-16 Special Design Bureau No. 245. See SKB-245 Special Design Bureau No. 586. See OKB-586 Special Design Bureau No. 626. See SKB-626 Special Design Bureau No. 692. See OKB-692 Special Laboratory No. 11, Leningrad. See Design Bureau No. 2
Special Purpose Brigade (BON) of the Reserve of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, 7, 20, 23–6
Special Scientific-Research Institute No. 45 of the Ministry of Defense (45 SNII), Babushkin, 181, 273n4 Specialized Experimental Design Bureau of Space Technology (SOKB KT), Zhukovskiy, 9, 107, 108–9, 116–18, 121–3, 247n38, 264n28 Specialized Experimental Design Bureau of the Flight-Research Institute (SOKB LII). See Specialized Experimental Design Bureau of Space Technology Spitkovskiy, Valeriy, xiv, 19, 278n22
254n17 SS-11 ICBM, 72. See also UR-100 Stafford, Thomas, 174, 272n57 Stalin, Joseph, 14, 21, 34–5, 54, 78–9, 253n12 Staros, Filipp. See Sarant, Alfred State Planning Committee (Gosplan), 58 State Scientific-Production Company Trud. See OKB-276 State Scientific-Production Rocket- Space Center TsSKB-Progress.
Bureau
Stek information and control complex panel, 112 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 104 Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN). See Missile Forces Studebaker US6 truck, 21 Su-7B fighter-bomber aircraft, 146 Sukhoi Design Bureau. See OKB-51 Sytenko, Vladimir, 35 TDK-7K simulator, 120 Tereshkova, Valentina, 11, 147, 162, 218, 221, 223, 227, 228, 269n7, 278n1, 280n12, 280n23 Tikhonov, Andrey, 94, 260n35 Tikhonravov, Mikhail, 23, 250n12 Timchenko, Vladimir, 115, 264n22 Titov, Gherman, 32, 51, 110–11, 202, 252n10, 254n20, 263n13, 276n45, 279n6 TNA-400 antenna, 104 Toktamysov, Salimgerey, 33–4, 252n12, 252n14 Tomahawk cruise missile, 75 Transport-Supply Ship (TKS), 170–1 Trapeznikov, Vadim, 92, 260n32 Tregub, Yakov, 26, 251n26 Tropa integrated circuits, 82, 85, 130, 136–7, 259n21, 266n3 TsAGI. See Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute Tsiolkovskiy, Konstantin, 40, 46, 252n2, 253n16 IND E X 304
TTL integrated circuits, 137 Tu-95 bomber, 181 Tupolev, Andrey, 79, 181, 258n8, 272n3 Tveretskiy, Aleksandr, 23, 249n6, 250n15 Tyabin, Nikolay, 207, 276n4 Tyapchenko, Yuriy, 9, 107–25 Tyuratam, 27–35, 49, 72 U-2 spy plane, 28 Ufa Aviation Institute, 41 UDMH. See unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 68 Umanskiy, Naum, 23, 249n10 Unified Series (ES) of mainframe computers, 128–9, 131, 134, 135, 140, 268n22 unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH; heptyl) rocket fuel, 31, 53–8, 61, 251n7, 254n24 UR-100 ICBM. See also SS-11 UR-500 launch vehicle. See Proton launch vehicle UR-700 launch vehicle, 8, 400
US (Controlled Satellite), ocean reconnaissance satellite, 70–3, 256n11 US space program, 10, 12, 13, 42, 74–5, 86, 114, 121, 124–5, 134–5, 147, 149–51, 161–2, 167, 169, 174, 219, 229, 232, 265n1, 279n7 US Space Shuttle, 87–90, 96, 149 Usedom island, Germany, 24 Ustinov, Dmitriy, 12, 72, 78, 153, 158, 173, 177, 257n17, 258n6, 269n15 UT-2 training aircraft, 144 V-1 German missile, 69 V-2 German ballistic missile, 20, 24, 26, 42–3, 78 Vega-1/5 computer workstations, 113 Vega deep-space probes, 104 Verne, Jules, 40, 252n2 Vershinin, Konstantin, 174, 272n54, 279n5 Vitka, Vladimir, 41, 253n5 VM-12 videotape player, 194 Volkov, Vladislav (Vadim), 157, 160–2, 165–6, 171, 213, 270n27, 278n19 Voluntary Association for the Advancement of the Army, Aviation, and the Navy (DOSAAF), 220, 280n11 Volynov, Boris, 148, 151, 157, 170, 192–3, 269n8, 270n26, 274n26 Von Braun, Wernher, 42 Vorobyev, Lev, 165, 271n42 Voronezh Institute of Power Supplies, 109 Voskhod 2, 4, 147, 231, 281n30 Voskhod 3KV-6 planned mission, 9, 108, 112, 118, 147, 185, 263n15, 265n32
280n20 Voskhod all-women planned mission, 11, 176, 218, 228–9, 280n24 Voskhod spacecraft/program, 40, 147, 149, 185, 224, 230 Voskresenskiy, Leonid, 23, 26, 250n11 Vostok 2 mission, 9, 108, 111, 252n10, 254n20, 263n13, 276n45, 279n6
281n28 Vostok 5 mission, 228–9, 269n7, 280n23 Vostok 6 mission, 11, 218, 221, 227, 228, 269n7, 278n1, 279n10, 280n23
IND E X 305
Vostok Antarctic station, 205–7, 209, 211, 213 Vostok hand controller, 119–20, 226–7
Vostok instrument board, 107, 225–6
Vostok launch vehicle, 8, 40, 55–6 Vostok mission, 110, 131, 146, 224, 234–5, 251n6, 254n20, 261n46, 263n9, 267n10, 269n3, 273n5, 277n16, 279n6, 282n39 Vostok spacecraft/program, 109–10, 114, 118–19, 121–2, 147, 171, 185, 219–20, 223–30, 244n5, 263n10 Voyager deep-space probe, 104 Vzor optical orientation device, 119 women cosmonauts, 10, 11, 14, 176–8, 212, 218–29, 248n44, 248n47, 279n4, 279n5, 279n6, 279n9, 279n11 World War II, 7, 20–3, 144–5, 238, 276n3 Yak-3 aircraft, 144–5, 168 Yak-9 aircraft, 145 Yak-9B aircraft, 168 Yak-11 aircraft, 144 Yak-18 aircraft, 168 Yak-19 aircraft, 144 Yakovlev, Aleksandr, 79, 258n8 Yangel, Mikhail, 12, 54, 57, 97–8, 254n22, 261n43 Yazdovskiy, Valeriy, 165, 271n42 Yeliseyev, Aleksey, 155, 163, 165, 169, 187, 200, 245n17, 268n21, 270n20, 274n23, 275n35, 281n32 Yerkina, Zhanna, 212, 277n15, 280n12 Yershov, Valentin, 210, 277n10 Zakusin, Lel, 212 Zelenograd Science Center (Scientific Center for Micro-Electronics), 83 Zenit-2 launch vehicle, 94 Zenit-3 launch vehicle, 94 Zhamaletdinov, Abdulgani, 75, 257n27 Zholobov, Vitaliy, 170, 271n48 Zhukov, Georgii, 71, 256n13 Zhukovskiy Air Force Engineering Academy. See Air Force Engineering Academy, Moscow Zinchenko. Vladimir, 115, 264n25 ZiS-6 truck, 21 Zond-3 probe, 104–5 Zond-4/8, 10, 84, 108, 112, 116, 129, 258n14, 259n16, 263n16, 266n2. See also L1 circumlunar spacecraft/program Zubkov, Filipp, 29 Zudov, Vyacheslav, 162, 171, 271n36 Zvezda Scientific-Production Company, Tomilino, 118, 265n31 Download 0.59 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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