Changes of Consonants
3.2.1. the First Consonant Shift, or Grimm’s Law
By the First Consonant Shift (Grimm’s Law) we mean a number of consonant changes which
date back to the II millennium BC. By the year 500 BC the sound changes must have come to
a close. They had ended before the Germanic tribes came in touch with the Romans because
not any word borrowed from Latin was subject to those changes in Germanic languages. This
law expresses regular correspondences between consonants of Germanic and those of other
Indo-European languages.
As can be seen from Table 1.2, correspondences between Indo-European (non-Germanic) and
Germanic consonants may be grouped under three categories.
Table 1.2
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