O‘zbеkistоn Rеspublikasi Оliy va O‘rta maхsus

O‘zbеkistоn Rеspublikasi Оliy va O‘rta maхsus

ta’lim vazirligi Urganch Davlat Univеrsitеti Pedogogika fakulteti 196-boshlang‘ich ta’lim va sport tarbiyaviy ishlari guruhi talabasi Matchanova Dilafruzning ingliz tili

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Mustaqil ishi


Qabul qildi: Sultonova U.
Topshirdi: Matchanova D.



Urganch 2020
Exercise:

1)Find an Uzbek newspapers article and translate it into English

Translate:

O’zbek gazetalari tarixi

Respublika gazetalarini chizish juda katta emas. "Халк сузи" 75.118, "Народное слово " 27.262 hisoblanadi.chizilgan rejasi bo 'lsa Siyosiy par tiyalar gazetalaridan "O'zbekiston ovozi" chizmasi 19.000. Soha gazetalari ichida "Маърифат" soni juda katta; haftada ikki mar ta 8 paged bilan chop etiladi. Bugungi kunda "Маърифат" ning chizmasi 35.000 . "Хордик", "Отдохнём", "7Х7", "Хонадон", "Кайфият", "Бекажон", "Суг диёна", "Хумо ",

"Т асвир" bor ko 'ngilochar gazetalar , ularning chizilgan odatda haqida 5.000–10.000, lekin ba'zi gazetalar' chizilgan 50.000–60.000.

Har bir gazeta sahifasida o 'z mavqei va yo 'nalishiga ko 'ra turli materiallar ko 'llaniladi. Hukumat gazetalarida respublikaning ichki va tashqi siyosati, iqtisodiyot, qishloq xo 'jaligi, madaniyat, ta'lim, texnika va boshqalar ko 'rsatilgan.

Siyosiy par tiyalar paydo bo 'lgach, ular o 'z gazetalariga asos soldilar . O' sha davrda respublikamizda to 'r tta siyosiy par tiya bo 'lib, har bir siyosiy par tiyaning o 'z gazetalari bor: "O'zbekiston ovozi" (O'zbekiston ovozi), " Adolat" (Adolat), "Milliy tiklanish" (Milliy erk), "XXI asr" (XXI asr), bu gazetalarda o 'z par tiyasining afzalligi va istagi bayon etilgan. Mustaqil gazetalar muallifning erkin va mustaqil g' oyalarini ifoda etgan maqolani berishga harakat qiladi. Lekin ularni ham mustaqil deyish qiyin. Biz respublika gazeta ko 'ngilochar gazeta atrofida eng ko 'p sotilgan, deb aytish mumkin. Ushbu gazetalarda 7-8 sahifalari mavjud bo 'lib, mashhur rassomlar va shoirlarning sevgi hikoyasi, xotinlar va erlar o 'r tasidagi muammolar va uyat belgilarning ayrim qismlari haqida. Ko 'ngilochar gazetalar ham sariq ommaviy axborot vositalari deb nomlanadi. Bu bosmaxona materiallarini qisqacha shunday ta'riflashimiz mumkin: 1. Juda qisqa, rasmiy

ma'lumot. 2. Famous ar ts life manzarasi. 3. Internetdan olingan turli ma'lumotlar . 4. Brainstorms (crosswords, harakatlanish so 'zlar). Bundan tashqari, ushbu gazetalarning ichki va oxirgi sahifalari qiziqarli jumboqlar , miya bo 'roni savollari berilmoqda. Ushbu gazetalarda chop etish taniqli rassomlarning to 'liq rasmlarini qamrab oladi. Bu faktlar o ' quvchilarning e'tiborini qaratish uchun rol o 'ynaydi.

Ko 'ngilochar gazeta bozorlarda sotiladi, gavjum joylar kiosklar va ish joylar . Ko 'p odamlar ularni sotish va qiziqish bilan o ' qish. Way O'zbekistonda matbaa gazeta mazmuniga e'tibor bo 'lsa, biz 19-20 yil oldin nisbatan ijobiy o 'zgarishlar tushdi mumkin. Agar avvalgi gazetalar sahifalarida mafkura va siyosatga oid maqolalar bosilsa, undan ko 'ra respublika va xorijiy mamlakatlarning

ijtimoiy–madaniyat hayoti, ularning iqtisodiyoti, siyosati va spor t turlari haqida qisqacha maqolalar chop etiladi. Ushbu gazetalarda "jurnalistni tekshirish", "muhim mavzular", "jahon iqtisodiyoti", " dunyo nafasi" gazetalaridan tashqari, shubhali va sub' ektiv yozilgan turli materiallarni keltira olmaydi.

O'zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasining 67-moddasida shunday ifodalangan:

" ommaviy axborot vositalari erkindir va hukmronlik ustida ishlaydi. Tsenzura

ishlamaydi. "Boshqa tomondan, tahliliy va tanqidiy maqola ba'zan gazetalar sahifalarida chop etiladi. Maqtov asoslangan va juda yaqindan kabi bir-biriga kabi qarash yoki hisobotlar gazeta sahifalarida chop etiladi bo 'lgan maqolalar hali. Jurnalistlarning kasbiy mahorati va ochiqligi sezilmaydi.

Siyosiy par tiyalar sahifalarida gazetalar katta va kam ma'noni anglatadi. Bugungi kunda gazetalar o ' quvchilarining katta va zerikarli maqolalarni sabr-toqat bilan o ' qishlariga ishonish qiyin, chunki davr , vaqt va iste'molchi gazetalardan qisqa va aniq yangiliklar va ma'lumotlarni tezda talab qiladi. Biz davrdan or tda qolishimiz mumkin.

History of Uzbek newspapers

Drawing of the newspapers of republic is not so big. If the drawing of “Халк сузи” is 75.118, drawing of “Народное слово ” is 27.262. From political

parties’ newspapers, the drawing of “O’zbekiston ovozi” is 19.000. Inside the sphere newspapers, the number of “Маърифат” is much bigger; it is printed twice a week with 8 paged. Nowadays the drawing of “Маърифат” is 35.000.

“Хордик”, “Отдохнём”, “7Х7”, “Хонадон”, “Кайфият”, “Бекажон”, “Суг диёна”, “Хумо ”, “Т асвир” are enter taining newspapers, their drawing is normally about 5.000–10.000, but some of newspapers’ drawing is 50.000–60.000. Different materials are paged according to their position and direction on every newspaper page. Government newspapers illustrate internal and external policy of republic, economy , agriculture, culture, education, technics and so on. After appearing political par ties, they founded their own newspapers. At that time there are four political par ties in our republic and each political par ty has own newspapers: “O’zbekiston ovozi” (Uzbekistan ’ s voice), “ Adolat” (Justice), “Milliy tiklanish” (National erection), “XXI asr” (XXI century), these newspapers describe their par ty’ s advantage and

desire. Independent newspapers try to give the ar ticle which expressed free and independent ideas of author . But it is difficult to say them too independent. We can say that around the Republic newspapers enter taining newspapers are best– selling.

Inside these newspapers contains 7–8 pages which, about love story of famous ar tists and poets, problems between wives and husbands and some par ts of shameful signs . Enter taining newspapers are also named yellow mass media. We can describe these printing materials briefly like this: 1. Very brief, official information. 2. Views of famous ar ts life. 3. Different information which was taken from internet. 4. Brainstorms (crosswords, scan words). Also inside and last pages of these newspapers interesting riddles, brainstorming questions are being given. In these newspapers print cover full pictures of well–known ar tists. These facts play role for paying attention of readers.

Enter taining newspapers are sold in the markets, crowded places kiosks and working places. Much people sell them and read with interested.

If way pay attention to contents of printing newspapers in Uzbekistan we can fell positive changes than 19–20 years ago. If than in previous newspapers’ pages printed ar ticles on ideology and politics, than are printing ar ticles about social–culture life of republic and foreign countries, their economy , politics and spor ts in brief. In these newspapers ar ticles which about “checking journalist”, “impor tant themes”, “world economy”, “breath of world” besides the newspapers aren ’t be able to bring different materials which were written suspicious and subjective. On the 67 ar ticle of Constitution of Republic of Uzbekistan expressed: “Mass media is free

and works on rule. Doesn ’t work censorship. ” On the other hand an analytical and critical ar ticle sometimes prints on the pages of newspapers. Ar ticles which are based on praise and look like each other like to very closely or repor ts are printing on the pages of newspapers yet. Professional skills of journalists and openness aren ’t felt. On the pages of political par ties newspapers print large and mean less. Nowadays it’ s difficult to believe that newspapers readers read large and boring ar ticles with patiently because period, time and consumer demands brief and clear news and information

quickly from newspapers. We can stay behind of the period.