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ASTROFIZIK KOMPOKT OB'EKTLARDAN YUQORI ENERGIYALI ZARRACHA 
Anotatsiya 
Ushbu ishda, birinchi navbatda, biz qora tuynuklar va neytron yulduzlari kabi astrofizik ixcham ob'ektlar atrofidagi 
zarrachalarning tezlanish mexanizmlarini ko'rib chiqdik. Relyativistik astrofizikada ixcham tortishuvchi jismlardan energiya olish 
jarayonlarini va bunday ob'ektlar tomonidan zarrachalarning (ultra) yuqori energiyagacha tezlashishini o'rganish muhim va 
dolzarb masaladir. Biz qora tuynuk zaryadi bilan elektr Penrose jarayonini o'rgandik, Qko'rsatdi. Bundan tashqari, biz teskari Kompton tarqalishi va egrilik nurlanish jarayonlari orqali turli rejimlarda sekin 
aylanadigan magnitlangan neytron yulduzlarning qutb qopqog'i hududida zaryadlangan zarrachalarning tezlashishini o'rgandik. 
Kalit so'zlar: yuqori energiyali zarralar, qora tuynuklar, neytron yulduzlar, kosmik nurlar, tezlanish mexanizmlari. 
General relativity and gravitation : 04.40.Dg, 04.40.Nr, 04.50.Kd 
Introduction. The recent unprecedented discovery of extragalactic high-energy neutrinos has enabled pinpointing their 
source to blazars, which are supermassive black holes at a distance of 1.75 Gpc with relativistic jets directed almost exactly 
toward us. It is generally believed that such neutrinos are tracers of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) which are the most 
energetic among particles detected on Earth, with an energy E>1018 eV that is unreachable by the current most powerful particle 
accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider, with a maximum energy <1013 eV per beam. Constituents of UHECRs were 
thought to be dominated by protons, as indicated by cosmic-ray fluorescence measurements, although recent observations are 
suggesting heavier constituents. For Galactic cosmic rays, one should observe anisotropy in the arrival direction dominantly on 
the Galactic plane. As observed by both the Pierre Auger Observatory in the Southern Hemisphere in the Telescope Array in the 
North- ern Hemisphere, UHECRs with energy >1018 eV are extragalactic with very high confidence level. The spectrum of 
cosmic rays exhibits the presence of the so-called knee and ankle. Cosmic rays with energy up to 1015.5 eV are generally 
believed to be produced in Galactic supernova explosions, while the significant lowering of flux between the knee and 1018.5 eV 
suggests a change in the source of such particles.[1]