Paper • open access industrial injuries at the enterprise To cite this article: n merenkova et al 2020 iop conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng

1. Introduction 
The organization of the workplace, the design of control and management bodies should take into 
account the anthropometric, sensorimotor, biomechanical and psychophysiological characteristics of a 
person. The working posture of a person is of great ergonomic importance. The working position 
"standing" requires high energy costs and leads to rapid fatigue. The sitting position is less tiring and 
preferable. The projection of the center of gravity of the human body in the working position should 
be located within the area of his support. 
The space of the workplace in which labor processes are carried out should be divided into work 
zones. Zoning of the workplace in horizontal and vertical planes. The working area, convenient for the 
action of both hands, must be combined with the visual viewing area. Minimum work space required 
to perform work in various body positions. 
Otherwise, the position of the human body will be unstable and will require significant muscular 
efforts. This can lead to diseases of the musculoskeletal system (for example, curvature of the spine), 
rapid fatigue, and injury. An integral part of the sitting position is the operator's seat. The chair must 
correspond to the anthropometric data of the person and, if necessary, take into account the 
amendments for overalls and equipment. The main geometrical parameters of working chairs are 
standardized. It is advisable to use chairs with adjustable parameters (height, back angle) in order to 
adapt them to the anthropometric characteristics of a particular person. 
Foot and hand controls should correspond to the applied efforts to the biochemical characteristics 
of a person and, depending on the frequency of their use, should be located in the appropriate reach 
zones. The efforts on the controls should not be too small so that a person can control the movement 

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ERSME 2020
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering
1001 (2020) 012111
IOP Publishing
doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1001/1/012111
2
he performs. At the same time, too much effort leads to quick fatigue and muscle strain. For various 
types of controls, there are recommendations for the optimal applied forces. 
Devices of visual information of the operator, depending on the frequency of their use, should also 
be located in the appropriate zones of the human visual field. With frequent use, the instruments 
should be located within the optimal viewing angles, with rare use - within the maximum viewing 
angles. 
The color scheme, the size of the controls must correspond to the psychophysiological and 
anthropometric characteristics of a person, the illumination at the workplace and other characteristics 
of the light environment.