Perforation and wetting of dielectric materials

When dielectrics consisting of polar molecules are placed in an electric field, forces arise that turn each dipole in the direction of the field strength. But full rotation is hindered by thermal action. As a result, positive charges move in the direction of the electric field, and negative charges move in the opposite direction. In general, as a result of all types of polarization, positive connected charges are formed at the points where the lines of external field strength exit the dielectrics, and negative at the points entering the dielectrics. Examples are nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen gases, toluene, benzene liquids and solids such as polystyrene, polyethylene, and naphthalene. If the polarization occurs due to the displacement of electrons and ions, then the dielectric permittivity of dielectrics can have values ​​from 4 to 15.

• When dielectrics consisting of polar molecules are placed in an electric field, forces arise that turn each dipole in the direction of the field strength. But full rotation is hindered by thermal action. As a result, positive charges move in the direction of the electric field, and negative charges move in the opposite direction. In general, as a result of all types of polarization, positive connected charges are formed at the points where the lines of external field strength exit the dielectrics, and negative at the points entering the dielectrics. Examples are nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen gases, toluene, benzene liquids and solids such as polystyrene, polyethylene, and naphthalene. If the polarization occurs due to the displacement of electrons and ions, then the dielectric permittivity of dielectrics can have values ​​from 4 to 15.

The breakdown of solid dielectrics is divided into the following types: electrical breakdown of macroscopically homogeneous dielectrics: electrical breakdown of inhomogeneous dielectrics: breakdown from heat (electric-heat): electrochemical breakdown. Macroscopic breakdown of solid dielectrics is divided into the following types: macroscopically electric breakdown of homogeneous dielectrics is characterized by very fast development (10-7 10-8 s). In this case, some electrons in the solid form an electron avalanche. This perforation is an electronic process by its nature.

• The breakdown of solid dielectrics is divided into the following types: electrical breakdown of macroscopically homogeneous dielectrics: electrical breakdown of inhomogeneous dielectrics: breakdown from heat (electric-heat): electrochemical breakdown. Macroscopic breakdown of solid dielectrics is divided into the following types: macroscopically electric breakdown of homogeneous dielectrics is characterized by very fast development (10-7 10-8 s). In this case, some electrons in the solid form an electron avalanche. This perforation is an electronic process by its nature.