Phonetics

Classifying a lang. from the view point of PS, there are the following principles

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Bog'liq
GRAMMAR .LECTURE 55

Classifying a lang. from the view point of PS, there are the following principles:
Semantic: the general mean-g of a PS doesn’t coincide with a lex. or gram.mean-g of every individual word, but it’s closely connected with it. Thus the gen. mean-g of a PS is neither lex. nor gram., but it’s to be called lexical-grammatical. Ex. nouns are characterized by substantivity, verbs- actions & states, which together mean processes, adj-s- attributes of substances, etc.

Morphological: it has 2 aspects: a) deals with morphol. categories (each PS possesses certain morphol. cat-s which are not found in other PS): ex. nouns- case & number , adj.- comparison, verbs- 7 categories. This aspect is more important. b) the use of form-build. affixes (deriv. affixes sometimes can be found within this or that PS only): ex. nouns -ment, -ion, -ness. But deriv. affixes may be highly confusing: ex. –ly: friendly (adj), daily (noun), kindly (adv.), possibly (modal wd)

Syntactic: a) the role of a wd in a sent. (dif. synt. Functions are typical of dif. PS); b) the combinability of wds/ the syntactical distribution (распределение): ex. noun can combine with prepositions, articles, adj-s, other nouns, verbs.
Functional: PS- a field that has a core & a periphery.

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