Plan: Introduction

The Article

Irrespective of the character of the magazine or newspaper and divergence of subject matter – whether it is political, literary, popular-scientific or satirical, all the features of publicistic style are to be found in any article. The character of the magazine or newspaper as well as the subject chosen affects the choice and use of stylistic devices. Word of emotive meaning, for example, are few, if any, in popular scientific articles. Their exposition is more consistent and the system of connectives more expanded than, say, in a satirical article. The language of political magazine articles differs little from that of newspaper articles. But such elements of publicistic style as rare and bookish words, neologisms (which sometimes require explanation in the text), traditional word combinations and parenthesis are more frequent here than in newspaper articles: But as last week’s request furore over Bush request use of images from 9/11 reminded us, this election will probably be unlike any other in a long time. The stakes are so high, the emotions so raw, that it is possible to imagine a sustained and substantive argument over the U.S. request role and rights in the world becoming its central theme. That would count as a national service, if the candidates could get past the flame throwing and lay out for the public the instincts that guide them, the hopes that they hold and the best tools to tame the fears that keep them awake at night (Time, 2004).

Literary reviews stand closer to essays both by their content and by their linguistic form. More abstract words of logical meaning are used in them, they more often resort to emotional language and less frequently to traditional set expressions.

The Editorial

Editorials, like some other types of newspaper articles, are an intermediate phenomenon bearing the stamp of both the newspaper style and the publicist style. The function of the editorial is to influence the reader by giving an interpretation of certain facts. Editorials comment on the political and other events of the day. Their purpose is to give the editor rescue’s opinion and interpretation of the news published and suggest to the reader that it is the correct one. Like any publicistic writing, editorials appeal not only to the reader rescue’s mind but to his feelings as well. Hence the use of emotionally-coloured language elements, both lexical and structural. Along political words and expressions, terms, clichés and abbreviations one can find colloquial words and expressions, slang, and professionalisms. The language of editorial articles is characterized by a combination of different strata of vocabulary, which enhances the emotional effect, for example, What a rare spirit hovers at Lord rescue’s. Once again, that old cricket ground has shown how well it fathoms the national mood, senses what we need and then, with exquisite timing, delivering the goods. Only our greatest institutions can do that for us.
We were in need of something such as this, something to lift hearts a bit, something to restore pride, to remind us that cricket is not in decay but still young at heart, to witness a job done gracefully and well and dash; so welcome dash; victoriously (The Daily Telegraph). Emotional colouring in editorial articles is also achieved with the help of various stylistic devices, both lexical and syntactical, the use of which is largely traditional. Editorials exploit trite stylistic means, especially metaphors and epithets, e.g., international climate, a spectacular sight, an outrageous act, brutal rule, an astounding statement, crazy policies. Traditional periphrases are also very common in newspaper editorials, such as Wall Street (American financial circles), Downing Street (the British Government), Fleet Street (the London press), the Great Powers (the biggest and strongest states), the third world, etc.
But genuine stylistic means are also frequently used, which helps the writer of the editorial to bring his idea home to the reader through the associations that genuine imagery arouses. Practically any stylistic device may be found in editorial writing, and when aptly used, such devices prove to be a powerful means of appraisal, of expressing a personal attitude to the matter in hand, of exercising the necessary emotional effect on the reader. Consider the following examples: So if the results of the visit is the burying of the cold war, the only mourners will be people like Adenauer and the arms manufactures who profit from it. The ordinary people will dance on the grave (Daily Worker). The stylistic effect of these sustained metaphors is essentially satirical. A similar effect is frequently achieved by the use of irony, the breaking-up of set expressions, the stylistic use of word-building, by using allusion, etc. Two types of allusion can be distinguished in newspaper article writing: a) allusions to political and other facts of the day which are indispensable and have no stylistic value, and b) historical, literary and biblical allusions which are often used to create a specific stylistic effect, largely satirical. The emotional force of expression in the editorial is often enhanced by the use of various syntactical stylistic devices. Some editorials are full of parallel constructions, various types of repetition, rhetorical questions and other syntactical stylistic means.
Now here rescue’s a ripe thought: could George W. Bush have been British? I have never known this, but apparently when Texas was still independent and trying to join the United States on the 1840s, its president, Sam Houston, flirted with Britain (The Daily Telegraph).
Yet, the role of expressive language means and stylistic devices in the editorial should not be overestimated. They stand out against the essentially neutral background. Stylistic devices in editorials are for the most part trite dash; tradition reigns supreme in the language of the newspaper. Original forms of expression and fresh genuine stylistic means are comparatively rare in newspaper articles, editorial including.
Editorials as a specific genre of newspaper writing have common distinguishing features, the editorials in different papers vary in degree of emotional colouring and stylistic originality of expression. While these qualities are typical enough of the popular newspapers, such as the Daily Mirror and the Daily Mail, the so-called quality papers as The Times and The Guardian make rather a sparing use of the expressive and stylistic means of the language. Whatever stylistic liquor; gems duo; one may encounter in the newspaper, they cannot obscure the essentially traditional mode of expression characteristic of newspaper English.