Political Power Sharing and Crosscutting Media Exposure: How Institutional Features Affect Exposure to Different Views

Appendix: Difference Between Crosscutting Exposure in the Media and in Political Discussions 
(XE
m
 - XE
d
) by Social Ties with Political Discussants. 
 
 
 
Note. The y-axis shows the relative importance of the media over interpersonal networks as sources of 
exposure to dissimilar views (XE
m
 - XE
d
 ). Whereas in a consensus system and polarized pluralist variant of 
majoritarianism, the media make a greater contribution to diverse viewpoints among those discussing 
politics with close siblings, in an illiberal setting discussion, networks play a bigger role. Conversely, among 
those discussing politics with not-so-close individuals (coworkers or neighbors), the media add to exposure 
to non-like-mindedness in greater numbers in an illiberal system than in consensus or more majoritarian 
systems. 
-.1
-.05
0
.05
.1
.15
XEm-XEd
weak ties, co-workers, neighbors
strong ties, fam or friends
ill
ib
e
ra
l 
d
e
mo
cra
cy
p
ro
p
o
rt
io
n
a
l 
ma
jo
ri
ta
ri
a
n
ism
co
n
se
n
su
s 
syst
e
m
ill
ib
e
ra
l 
d
e
mo
cra
cy
p
ro
p
o
rt
io
n
a
l 
ma
jo
ri
ta
ri
a
n
ism
co
n
se
n
su
s 
syst
e
m