Preschool education in usa

PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN USA.

PLAN.

History of Pre School in United States.

1. 
   Types of education.
   

2. 
   Methods of Preschool Education.
   

A Preschool , also known as nursery school, pre – primary school, or play school or crèche, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school.It may be publicly or privately operated , and may be subsidized from public funds.
Terminology varies by country . In some European countries the term «kindergarden « refers to formal education of children classified as ISCED level 0 – with one or several years of such education being compulsory – before children start primary school at ISCED level 1.


The following terms may be used for educational institutions for this age group:

• 
  PRE – Primary or Creche from 6 weeks old to 6 years old is an educational childcare service a parent can enroll their child(ren) in before primary school. Their can also be used to define services for children younger than kindergarden age, especially in countries where kindergarden is compulsory.The Pre- Primary program takes place in a nursery school.
  
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  NURSERY school (UK and USA) from 0 months to 5 years old- is a pre-primary educational child care institution which includes Preschool.
  
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  DAYCARE (US) from 0 months to 2 years old - held in a Nursery School , but can also be called “A CHILD CARE SERVICE” or a “CRE^CHE” .
  
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  PRESCHOOL ( US and UK )from 2 to 5 years old - held in a Nursery School; readiness has to do with whether the child is on track developmentally , and potty training is a big factor , so a child can start as early as 2 years old. Preschool education is important and beneficial for any child attending nursery school because it gives the child a head start through social interactions.
  

Through cognitive , psychosicial and physicial development - based learning about their environment and how to verbally communicate with others. Children who attend Preschool learn how the world around them works through play and communication.

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  Pre - K ( or Pre – Kindergarten ) from 4 to 5 years old - held in Nursery School and is an initiative to improve access to pre- primary schools for children in the USA. There is much more than teaching a child colors , numbers, shapes and so on.
  
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  KINDERGARTEN (US) from 5 to 6 years old held in a Nursery School and / or some primary elementary schools ; in many parts of world (less so in English speaking countries ) it refers to the first stages of formal education.
  

Also , there are various types of pre schools, including non - profit cooperative schools , church – affiliated schools , private schools and Montessori schools. A cooperative schools is usually the least expensive , as parents work voluntarily as teachers ‘ aides alongside professional teachers. Church – affiliated schools are usually attached to religious centers and may include religious education. Private nursery schools are the most expensive – fees range from $5,000 to $ 15,000 per year for full-time schooling , depending on the school and area. Private schools vary considerably from small home -run set- ups to large custom – built schools. A number of private nursery schools use the Montessori method of teaching , developed by Dr Maria Montessori in the early 1900s. This method based on the belief that each child is an individual with unique needs , interests and patterns of growth.

Many areas also have what are termed ‘toddler’ or ‘tot’ programs , which usually accept children from two to four years of age . Activities generally include arts and crafts , music , educational games , perceptual motor activities and listening skills. Most communities also have informal community schools or learning centers , playgroups , morning programs at local YWCAs, and other inexpensive alternatives to private schools.

Community colleges also offer a variety of courses for small children , e.g. painting , dancing and cooking , once or twice a week , e.g. on Saturday mornings.

Nursery Rhymes one of the most enduring forms of oral literature in British and Americian culture is the nursery rhyme. Although people often take these funny little ditties for granted , some of them have been about for a very long time and generally date from the around 16 th, 17 th , and most frequently , the 18 th centuries.Apparently most nursery rhymes were originally composed for adult entertainment. Many were popular ballads and songs.

The most influential collection of nursery rhymes was “ Mother Goose’s Melody: or Sonnets for the Cradle “ , published in 1781. Among its 51 rhymes were “ Jack and Jill “ and “Ding Dong Bell “.An edition was reprinted in the USA in 1785 by I.Thomas. These verses are still commonly called “ Mother Goose rhymes “ in the USA.