Producer price indices volume 2002, Supplement 2
CPI indicators in the MEI
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2.2 CPI indicators in the MEI
Many OECD countries try to satisfy the differing needs of their many CPI users by deriving a “family” of indices with differing coverage, headed by a single wide-ranging official (headline) CPI relevant to the country as a whole. In addition to the headline CPI, which has the widest coverage possible, subsidiary indicators are published which may relate to: • sub-sectors of the population, e.g. employees, employees with children, low income employees, pensioners, etc; • geographical regions; • attempts to measure “underlying” or “core” inflation by removing certain sub-sectors of volatile items such as: food, energy 18 or seasonal goods; items affected by interest rates or taxes; or by making adjustments, e.g. seasonal adjustments, adjustments for taxes and subsidies, or using trimmed means to minimise the effects of the most extreme changes; • specific commodity groups - detailed sub-indices of the overall CPI published. In effect, many national statistical institutes are moving towards a model of maintaining a database of prices and weights from which a range of subsidiary indices are derived. As international standards are developed, it is hoped that their official (headline) CPIs will become more comparable to other national CPIs in terms of coverage and methodology. 19 16 Penguin Dictionary of Economics, 4 th Edition, 1987. 17 Toward a More Accurate Measure of the Cost of Living, Final Report to the Senate Finance Committee from the Advisory Commission to Study the Consumer Price Index, Boskin et al, December 4, 1996. 18 This is the approach used by the OECD with the measure of underlying inflation being calculated by deducting both food and energy from the All items index. Further work on considering other definitions of core inflation and other techniques of a more econometric nature may be possible in the future. 19 When attempting to compare price change across countries, it should also be recognised that the use of the term “All items” in the national CPI of each country is not an indication of perfect comparability. Each country compiles its CPI using similar approaches but differences in the range of goods and services included in the index, the treatment of certain difficult items such as housing costs, different aggregation formula and differences in the sources of data for weights will lead to different CPIs, with reduced comparability. Since the choices made by each country will depend on national circumstance, it is a matter of recognising such differences if comparisons across countries are made. Such is the purpose of this publication. The publication Sources and Methods: Consumer Price Indices, OECD, Paris, 1994 also helps to explain many of the issues involved. 21 Price Indices © 2002 The MEI publication contains a range of indicators of consumer price changes for OECD member countries and for the country groupings or zones. The main target indicators for which data are currently published are: all items; food; energy; all items non-food non-energy; total services less housing; and housing. It is also intended to focus on national core inflation in the future. In addition to the target indicators, there are also a number of country specific series where such series may be particularly relevant to one or more Member countries. The last addition, from July 1999, to the range of consumer price indicators was the inclusion of the European Union’s Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP) for 17 European countries. Download 465.51 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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