Progress assessment 1

Progress assessment 1

1. Abdulla Avloniy was born July 12th 1878 in Mergancha neighborhood of Tashkent. When he was 7 he studied in an old school. Akramhon domla taught him. In 1890 he began to study in the medrassah in Mergancha. Then mullah Omar Ohun tought him at Abdumalikboy`s madrassah. He was interested in literature.

He founded the school usuli Jadid in Mirobod in 1904. In 1914-15 he worked with the lawyer Ubaydulla Hojayev at “Sadoi Turkiston” newspaper. Most of the poems and articles in the newspaper were Avloni`s.

Avloni was busy with creative and practical work. He wrote his poems under the penname “Hijron”. His articles were published under the names “Mulla Abdulla”, “Avloni”, “Abdulla Avloni”. Later he mostly used the nickname “Indamas” (Silent).

In 1909 he founded “Jamiyati Hayriya” the gathered and distributed money to teach local children. At the end of 1913 the society “Turon” was founded through the initiative of well-known Tashkent Jadids, supporters of development.

One of the responsible person was Avloni Theatre troop was founded under the community. The first play which was staged by the troop was “Padarkush” by Behbudi.

Avloni wrote plays “Advokatlik osonmi”, (Is it easy to be the lawyer), “Pinak”, “Biz va siz” (We and you), “Ikki sevgi” (Two loves), “Portugaliya Inqilobi” (Portuguese revolution) for the troop. Plays like “Kotili karima”, “Uy tarbiyasining bir shakli”, “Hiyonatkor oilasi”, “Badbaxt kelin”, “Hor-hor”, “Jaholat”, “O`liklar” were translated into tatar, azerbaijan.

Avloni published the newspaper “Turon” with (under) the motto “Yashasin Halq Jamiyati!” after the February events in 1917. He was the author of the books “Birinchi muallim” (First teacher), “Ikkinchi muallim” (Second teacher), “Maktab gulistoni”, “Turkiy Guliston yohud ahloq”, “Adabiyot yohud milliy sherlar”.

2.When did he began to study in the medrassah in Mergancha?

Who did him teach at Abdumalikboy`s madrassah?

What did he do in 1904?

Which nickname did he mostly use?

What plays of Avloni were translated into tatar, azerbaijan ?

3. Abū 'Abd Allāh Ja'far ibn Muḥammad al-Rūdhakī better known as Rudaki and also known as "Adam of Poets" was a Persian-tajik poet regarded as the first great literary genius of the Modern Persian language. Rudaki was born in 859 in Rudak a village located in the Samanid Empire which is now Panjakent, located in modern-day Tajikistan. Rudaki composed poems in the‌ modern Persian alphabet and is considered a founder of classical Persian literature. Rudaki was the first person to combine different roles that were yet distinguishable entitles in the 9th century royal court: musician, poet and declaimer/reciter, and copyist.

Early in his life, the fame of his accomplishments reached the ear of the Samanid king Nasr II ibn Ahmad, the ruler of Khorasan and Transoxiana, who invited the poet to his court. Rudaki became his daily companion. Over the years, Rudaki amassed great wealth and became highly honored. Some feel he deserves the title of "father of Persian literature", or the Adam or the Sultan of poets even though he had various predecessors, because he was the first who impressed upon every form of epic, lyric, and didactic poetry its peculiar stamp and its individual character.

He was the court poet to the Samanid ruler Nasr II (914–943) in Bukhara, although he eventually fell out of favour in 937 CE. Towards the end of his life, he lived in poverty, and at the same time his poetic style also gained a touching melancholy. He died in 940/941 , leaving behind approximately 100,000 couplets, out of which fewer than 1,000 have survived

His poems are written in a simple style, having optimism and charm, but as he gets close to end of his life, a touching melancholy gets developed in his poetry. Of the 1,300,000 verses attributed to him, only 52 qasidas, ghazals, and rubais survived; of his epic masterpieces we have nothing beyond a few stray lines in native dictionaries. However, the most serious loss is that of his translation of Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa's Arabic version of the old Indian fable book Kalila and Dimna (Panchatantra), which he put into Persian verse at the request of his royal patron. 

His famous works were "Lament in Old Age", "Mother of Wine", and "Ju-yi Muliyan.", “Kalila and Dimna ”, “Sinbadnome” and “Davroni Oftob” (The period of Sun)