Reading passages

270- In the passage, it is stated that the braking system of a small aeroplane --------.

A) differs little from that of a larger aeroplane

B) is not very different from that of ordinary road- vehicles
C) cannot be used to control the speed of the aeroplane after landing
D) is specially designed for coping with high speed landings
E) is both power-operated and manual


The greatest advantage of electrification on railways is that it is both pleasant and efficient. It brings the removal of a smoke nuisance from tunnels and from the vicinity of larger cities. Moreover, owing to high acceleration, it is possible to provide a more frequent and faster service on densely populated suburban lines. The track capacity is improved by electrification on mountainous lines because of increase of speed both up and down the gradient, generally using electric forms of braking in the latter case. Some of the major electrification schemes of the world, for example those in Switzerland and Sweden, have been emerged owing to the desire to operate the railway system without dependence upon imported fuel.


271- It is pointed out in the passage that the benefits of electric railway reaction ——.

A) cover a cleaner environment and an improved performance

B) are confined to mountainous areas
C) do not outweigh the problems involved
D) have only recently become apparent
E) can best be seen in Sweden


272- The author states that on mountainous lines the track capacity is improved by electrification --------.

A) and the safety aspect is causing much concern

B) however, upkeep expenses are high
C) as it enables trains to go faster both up and down the line
D) yet, this is not the case in other locations
E) unless electric forms of breaking are used


273- In the passage, it maintained that Sweden and Switzerland have one of the world's major electrified railway systems --------.

A) because they have small populations and the electrified system seemed adequate

B) to keep their mountain air unpolluted
C) as other railway systems were not practical in high altitudes
D) as they wanted to develop a railway system that did not rely on imported fuel
E) since the only safe braking system on a steep gradient is an electric