Reading passages

10- The best title for this passage would be …. .
A) The Development of Numerical Systems
B) Numeracy and Literacy in the Ancient World
C) How Primitive People Learnt to Write
D) Ancient Methods of Counting Surviving Today
E) Parallelism in the Numerical Systems of Ancient Civilisations


11- It is clearly stated in the passage that …….. .
A) men learnt to put down numbers before they learnt to write
B) all ancient peoples used to count in groups of fives
C) only the Egyptians used numbers for weighing and measuring
D) all the ancient systems of numbering were almost the same
E) numbers were developed shortly after writing systems


12- The author states that, in the Middle Ages, ……… .
A) Roman numerals had lost their influence
B) football, tennis and cricket were popular pastimes
C) people used to count In twenties
D) numbering systems developed close to their present forms
E) there were still primitive tribes counting by finger
Military rockets filled with gunpowder were first used in 1312 by the Chinese against the Tatars. The idea caught on in the West, too, and rockets lit up the sky in 1380 in battle between Venice and Genoa. Th Indians used them against the British at the end of the 18th century. The British were impressed and Colonel William Congreve set to work on the Congreve rocket, with a rang of 1,800 metres. In 1806, during the Napoleonic wars, some 200 Congreve rockets set fire to Boulogne. This had no been part of the plan: they had actually beer aimed at shipping in the harbour. Rockets have since been also used to fire lifelines from ship to shore, to fire harpoons into the backs of whales, and of course, to launch humans into space.


13-It is clear from the passage that, originally, rockets were ……. .
A) created by western inventors
B) invented before gunpowder
C) used exclusively in warfare
D) developed by the Tatars
E) unsuccessfully used in battle