Referat mavzusi: Psixologiyaning asosiy yo’nalishlari Bajardi: Prep-504 Sapayeva Soxiba

OLIY O’RTA MAXSUS TA’LIM VAZIRLIGI
TOSHKENT KIMYO XALQARO UNIVERSITETI
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“Psihalogiya” fanidan

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REFERAT

Mavzusi: Psixologiyaning asosiy yo’nalishlari

Bajardi: Prep-504 Sapayeva Soxiba

Reja:
1.Geshtaltpsihologiya

2.Gumanistik psixologiya
Gumanistik (Ijtomoiy) Psixologiya.
Psixologiyaning bu yangi maktabi psixologiyadagi oxirgi tendensiyalarni ko’rsatadi. Uning rivojlanishida Abraxam Maslov, Kevlar Rodjers, Rollo Mey, Artur Kombs, Gordon Olport kabi psixologlar o’z xissalarini qo’shishgan. Gummanistik psixologiya insonga eng qadrli narsalarni beradi.Bu yo’nalish maqsadga yo’naltiruvchi atrof muhitga moslashtiruvchi xususiyatlarga ega. Bu maqsadlar fizik ehtiyojlarni qondirish uchun yoki o’z-o’zini aktuallashtirish va reallashtirish kabi oddiy bo’lishi mumkin.
This new school of psychology reflects the recent trends of humanism in psychology. The personalities like Abraham Maslow, CavlarRogers, Rollo May. Arthur Combs. Gordon Allport and others have contributed towards its growth. Humanist psychology gives more value to the human being by not considering him merely as a sophisticated machine or the victim or conflict between the ego and id. It considers him as a purposeful being. capable of adapting himself to his environment and choosing his own course of action in order to achieve the goals which he has selected for himself. These goals may be as simple as mere satisfaction of a common physical need or as lofty Is the attainment of self-actualization or self-realization.
Mana shunday tarzda gumanistik psixologiya insonning farqli tomonlarini, shaxsiyatini erkinligini noyob qobiliyat va maqsadlarini, maqsadini tushintirib beradi.
Transpersonalagik psixologiya.
Transpersonalagik psixologiya zamonaviy psixologiyadagi eng yangi yondashuvlardan biridir. O’z-o’zini aktuallashtirish borasidagi Abraxam Maslovning ishi: u o’zining e’tiborini ozining shaxsiy tajribasiga asoslanib o’tkazgan. Biz nimani o’ylashimiz, o’zimizni qanday his qilishimiz, holatimizni o’zgarishi bularning barchasi transpersonalagik psixologiyaning bir qismidir. Bu holatlar inson kuchli stress va hayajonda bo’lgan paytda yuzaga chiqadi. Ular ko’pincha uyqu yoki chuqur konsentratsiya vaqtida paydo bo’ladi. Ular tashqi ta’sir, ma’lum bir narkotik vositalar,diniy targ’ibot, yoga va meditatsiya yo’llari orqali eksperimental tarzda chaqiriladi.