Region-specific knee cartilage degradation associates with altered kinematics in exercise and immobilized osteoarthritis rats
partly at all time points studied. This rat MIA model and these pain
Download 389.18 Kb. Pdf ko'rish
|
1 2
Bog'liqPIIS1063458418308185
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Document Outline
partly at all time points studied. This rat MIA model and these pain measurements can be used to study the preclinical ef ficacy of symptom modifying OA drug candidates both at rest and during movement. 678 REGION-SPECIFIC KNEE CARTILAGE DEGRADATION ASSOCIATES WITH ALTERED KINEMATICS IN EXERCISE AND IMMOBILIZED OSTEOARTHRITIS RATS E.S. Cooper y , z , L.-C. Tsai x , K.M. Hetzendorfer y , Y.-H. Chang y , N.J. Willett z . y Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA; z Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA, USA; x Georgia State Univ., Atlanta, GA, USA Purpose: Proper loading is necessary to maintain cartilage homeostasis. Following traumatic knee injury, joint malalignment during movement alters loading and the biomechanical environment. Understanding the region-speci fic changes in post-traumatic (PT) cartilage degeneration during elevated and reduced loading is essential to characterizing dis- ease onset and managing osteoarthritis (OA) progression. The objective of this study is to associate tissue-level, structural changes of knee cartilage to individual joint kinematics following knee injury under varying loading conditions. This will be pivotal in identifying targets for therapeutic interventions and developing effective rehabilitative strat- egies for functional recovery. Methods: Twenty-six adult male Lewis rats were used to evaluate 3D cartilage microstructure and composition. A medial meniscal transection Abstracts / Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 26 (2018) S60 eS474 S361 procedure (MMT) was performed in 21 rats to induce PTOA. A sham surgery was performed in 5 rats as a control (SHAM, N ¼ 5, 322þ58 g). Experimental rats were assigned to the following conditions: 1) regular loading (OA, N ¼ 7, 296þ56 g), 2) elevated loading via treadmill running exercise (OA þEXER, N ¼ 6, 279þ59 g), and 3) reduced loading via hin- dlimb immobilization (OA þIMB, N ¼ 8, 296þ57 g). OAþEXER underwent treadmill training 4 days/week, 30min/day at 12m/min. Hindlimb kine- matics were evaluated 8 weeks post-surgery to associate 3D joint-level motion at the hip, knee, and ankle with tissue-level changes in articular cartilage. 3D bone surface models were generated from whole bone CT scans and aligned with high-speed biplanar radiographic images (100 Hz) taken during locomotion to quantify in vivo joint motion. Kin- ematics data were evaluated at initial contact, midstance, and toe-off of the gait cycle. Rats were then euthanized and quantitative, 3D ex-vivo functional assessment of various cartilage and bone parameters was performed via contrast enhanced-microcomputed tomography (EPIC- uCT). Cartilage was evaluated by regional 1/3rds along the anterior- posterior axis and medial-lateral axis. EPIC-uCT outcomes were veri fied histologically with Safranin-O staining to visualize proteoglycan content and articular surface erosions. Difference among groups were examined using ANOVA with the Tukey posthoc comparisons (alpha ¼ 0.05). Results: Exposed bone in OAþEXER revealed significant cartilage degen- eration to the central 1/3 region of the tibial plateau compared to OA and SHAM (Figure 1A, E). Decreased mean cartilage thickness and overall cartilage volume across the medial-tibial compartment in OA þEXER when compared to OA and SHAM further support this finding. OAþIMB, how- ever, demonstrated a different degradation pattern. Damage was localized to the posterior-region of the medial-tibial plateau (Figure 1D, H). Higher OA þIMB uCT attenuation measurements, which are inversely related to PG content, showed lower total PG than OA and OA þEXER, an indicator of declining cartilage health. Medial and central 1/3 cartilage degeneration in OA þEXER rats were accompanied by increased hip abduction (P ¼ 0.005) and varus rotation (P ¼ 0.036) kinematicallly at toe-off as compared to SHAM (Figure 2). The varus alignment at the knee that resulted from these rotations is a hallmark of OA. Increased ankle plantar flexion in OAþEXER compared to SHAM was observed during toe-off. The altered cartilage degradation pattern due to extended immobilization agrees with the highly irregular gait pattern observed in OA þIMB rats. Conclusions: Tibiofemoral contact in the medial-tibial compartment due to central 1/3 degradation in OA þEXER widened the lateral compartment of the tibial plateau and presented a knee varus alignment similar to what is seen in humans with advanced OA. Decreased cartilage health in OA þIMB due to PG loss presented a posterior degeneration profile similar to limb disuse. Our findings suggest that kinematic deviations at the hip and ankle associate with regional cartilage degradation at the knee and reveal a compensatory strategy of symptomatic OA progression. Biomechanics & Gait 679 DECLINING WALKING SPEED ASSOCIATES WITH INCREASED BONE MARROW LESION VOLUME AND EFFUSION VOLUME IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ACCELERATED KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: DATA FROM THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE M.S. Harkey y , J.E. Davis y , B. Lu z , M. Zhang y , L. Price y , C.B. Eaton x , M.F. Barbe k , G.H. Lo ¶ , T.E. McAlindon y , J.B. Driban y . y Tufts Med. Ctr., Boston, MA; z Brigham & Women's Hosp. and Harvard Med. Sch., Boston, MA, USA; x Alpert Med. Sch. of Brown Univ., Pawtucket, RI, USA; k Temple Univ. Sch. of Med., Philadelphia, PA; ¶ Baylor Coll. of Med., Houston, TX, USA Purpose: Walking speed is a simple measure of physical function that predicts knee osteoarthritis (KOA). It is unclear if walking speed changes are related to early structural changes in adults that develop KOA or clinically relevant subsets. Individuals with accelerated KOA (AKOA) rapidly develop dramatic joint damage that is preceded by poorer patient-reported outcomes and slower walking speed when compared to adults with common KOA. We aimed to determine if a decline in walking speed during the year prior to disease onset is associated with concurrent changes in cartilage, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), or effusion; and explore if these associations vary between adults who develop AKOA, common KOA, or no KOA. Methods: We identified 3 groups from the Osteoarthritis Initiative based on annual radiographs from baseline to 48-months: 1) AKOA: >1 knee went from Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] < 1 to KL 3/4 within 48 months; 2) common KOA: both knees had KL < 1 at baseline and >1 knee increased in radiographic scoring; 3) no KOA: both knees had KL < 1 at baseline and no change in KL grade. The index visit was when an adult met the AKOA or common KOA criteria (Figure). Participants with no KOA had an index visit matched to those with AKOA. Knee MRIs and walking speed testing occurred at the index visit and in the year prior to the index visit. We quanti fied the cartilage damage index (CDI) to assess tibiofemoral cartilage and used a semi-automated program to measure BML and effusion volume. Walking speed was assessed as an individual ’s usual walking speed over 20 meters. One year change in structural measures and walking speed were calculated as the index visit minus the year prior visit (Figure). Each change in structure measure was converted into a dichotomous variable to compare the worst tertile (i.e. lowest CDI, highest BML and highest effusion) to the combination of the other two tertiles. We dichotomized walking speed change based on the literature: 1) slower: <0.1 m/s; 2) faster/no change: >0.1 m/s. Logistic regression models were used to determine if change in walking speed (exposure) was associated with change in each structural measure (outcome) for the overall group and then separately for AKOA, common KOA, and no KOA. Covariates for each analysis were age, body mass index (BMI), frequent knee pain, and Physical Activity Scale for The Elderly (PASE) score. Results: The groups are described in Table 1. Adults who slowed their walking speed are almost twice as likely to present with increased BML volume (Table 2); with a moderate non-signi ficant association (OR ¼ 2.7, P ¼ 0.08) among adults with AKOA. Adults with AKOA who slowed their walking speed were ~3.4 (P ¼ 0.03) more likely to present with increased effusion volume (Table). Walking speed change was not signi ficantly associated with CDI change in any group (Table 2). Conclusions: A change in an easily assessable clinical examination (i.e. 20m walk test) is associated with concurrent worsening in BML and effusion volume in adults developing AKOA. Although we are unable to assert causation, we foresee two treatment possibilities: interventions targeting the maintenance of walking speed to prevent pathologic joint loading created by slower walking speed or utilizing interventions that decrease BML and effusion volume to prevent the decline in walking speed. Abstracts / Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 26 (2018) S60 eS474 S362 Document Outline
Download 389.18 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
1 2
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling