Reja mukammal raqobatli bozorlar

Uzoq muddatda raqobatli muvozanat

a
P
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,

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P
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1

Bir U-M raqobatli muvozanatdan ikkinchisiga siljish Exhibit 9

Uzoq muddatda tarmoq taklif egri chizig’I uzgarmas-xarajatli tarmoq

Uzgarmas xarajatli tarmoq
Yangi muvozanatli baho
Eski muvozanatli baho

Uzoq muddatda tarmoq taklif egri chizig’I usib boruvchi xarajatli tarmoq

Uzoq muddatda tarmoq taklif egri chizig’I kamayib boruvchi xarajatli tarmoq

Turli Xarajat, Turli Foyda

Mukammal raqobatli firma va resourcelardan foydalanish samaradorligi

Batafsil tahlil
Mukammal elastik talab holatida:
P = MR
Mukammal raqobatli
firma
Resurlardan foydalanish
samaradorligi:
P = MC
Foydani maksimallashtiradi/
Zarani minimallashtiradi:
MR = MC

Mukammal raqobat nazariyasi:

• Bozorda mavjud kuplab xaridor va sotuvchilarning hech biri talab va taklifga sezilarli darajada ta’sir qilmaydi
• Tarmoqdagi barcha firmalar o’xshash mahsulot ishlab chiqaradi
• Xaridor va sotuvchilar bozorda mavjud barcha ma’lumotga ega
• Firmalar bozorga erkin kirish va chiqish imkoniyatiga ega
• Uzoq muddatda raqobatli muvozanat sharoitlari:
• Iqtisodiy foyda nolga teng: Baho (P) qisqa muddatda o’rtacha jami xarajatga SRATC teng
• Firmalar baho (P) marjinal xarajat (MC)ga teng buladigan hajmda mahsulot ishlab chiqaradi
• SRATC = LRATC bulganda P = MC hech bir firma mahsulot ishlab chiqarish hajmini o’zgartirmaydi

The Long-Run Competitive Equilibrium Exists When All of the Following Occur:

• There is no incentive for firms to enter or exit the industry
• There is no incentive for firms to produce more or less output
• There is no incentive for firms to change plant size

Chapter Summary

• The Theory of Perfect Competition
• The Perfectly Competitive Firm
• Production in the Short Run
• Conditions of Long-Run Competitive Equilibrium
• Industry Adjustments to a Change in Demand
• Perfect Competition, Resource Allocative Efficiency, and Productive Efficiency

Key Terms and Concepts

• Market Structure
• Perfect Competition
• Price Taker
• Marginal Revenue
• Profit-Maximization Rule
• Short-Run (Firm) Supply Curve
• Short-Run Market (Industry) Supply Curve
• Long-Run Competitive Equilibrium
• Constant-Cost Industry
• Long-Run (Industry) Supply Curve
• Increase-Cost Industry
• Decrease-Cost Industry
• Resource Allocative Efficiency
• Productive Efficiency