Research methodology and empirical analysis

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
The scope of public speaking is determined by audience coverage, so important issues in fields such
as science, art, or business are not considered. Direct contact with the listener allows combining
syntactic, lexical and phonetic features of written and spoken language. However, according to its
main characteristics, the style of speaking belongs to the written variety of the language, although it
is modified by the form of oral expression and gestures.
Some typical features of the speech variety present in this style are: [7]:
1) direct address to the audience using special formulas: (Ladies and Gentlemen!; My Lords!; Mr.
Shairman!; Honorable Members!; Highly esteemed members of the society!; or some official in
the situation, Dear Friends! or more emotional coloring, My Friends!; Dear friends!; Dear
compatriots!; Dear compatriots!). Expressions of direct reference can be repeated during
performance and expressed in different ways (Mark you! Mind!) [1].
2) Special formulas at the end of the speech (Thank you very mush; Thank you for your time; Thank
you for your attention; Big thank you) to express gratitude to the listeners.
3) first person pronoun - we; 2nd person - you [4] usage:
Today we have the famous "Mashrab Divan" collected and organized by Mahvashkhanim, the lover
of the poet. Our poetess Mahvashkhanim had her hair cut off by those Namangan devotees in return
for this noble service that made the history of Uzbek literature...
We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of
Happiness (Th. Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence).
4) using abbreviations; won't; haven't; isn't and others:
We're talking about healing our nation. We're not talking about politics. We're all here to do
everything in our power to save lives; I'm here to thank you for hearing that greeting. Actually, I
shouldn't be thanking you, I should be thanking a Higher Power for giving you the gift (George Bush)
characteristics of conversational style, for example, asking questions from the audience when the
speaker wants to establish a closer relationship:
Sometimes it is said that man cannot be trusted with the government of himself. San he, then, be
trusted with the government of others? Or have we found angels in the forms of kings to govern him?
(Th. Jefferson), or salling upon the audience: Let us then, with courage and confidence, pursue our
own federal and republican principles.
Like conversational style, popular speech is often characterized by emotional tones and
connotations. The emotional coloring of the journalistic style is high; it can be solemn or sarcastic,
but it cannot have the lower meanings typical of colloquial speech (the use of playful, rude, vulgar or
slang words). The vocabulary of style is usually well-thought-out and remains largely in the realm of
high style:
Four hundred and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation,
sonseived and so dedicated in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are equal. Now
we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, can long
endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have some to dedicate a portion of that field,
as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether
fitting and proper that we should do this (A. Linsoln, the Gettysburg Address).
CONCLUSION AN

Turdalievich, Z. M., & Mukhtoralievna, Z. S. (2007). (nd). UDK: 398.221 specific features of

language interference in contrastive linguistics.
16. Zokirov, M. T. (2021). To typology of language situations. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science,
11 (103), 706-710.
17. Zokirov, M. T., & Ibragimova, M. S. N. (2021). Alisher Navoi about style problems. ISJ
Theoretical & Applied Science,(12), 601-604.
18. Turdaliyevich, Z. M., & Ergashevna, S. S. (2022). About the ―Space‖ and ―Time‖ Philosophical
and Language Categories. International Journal of Culture and Modernity, 13, 96-100.
In linguistic terms, this style promptly
registers the emergence of new words and
expressions, borrowings and specific
abbreviations accepted in the national
language, abounds in internationalisms.
The use of elements of all functional styles
and even non-literary forms of the English
language, including jargonisms, is observed in
the newspaper texts. At the same time, the
colorfulness and expression of the publicistic
style is due to the use:
 Speech standards, clichés ("employment
service", "power departments")
 Typical newspaper phrases (to reach the
advanced lines, beacons of production);
 Scientific terminology beyond the scope
of highly specialized usage (virtual world,
default, investment, mortgage, leukemia);
 Socially colored synonyms (gang of hired
killers);
 Unusual lexical compatibility (whip
preacher, apostle of ignorance);
 Words that reflect social and political
processes in society (politics of dialogue,
balance of interests);
 New words and expressions (détente,
consensus, cold war);
 Social and political vocabulary and
phraseology (society, freedom);
 Stylistically inferior words with a negative
evaluation (pirate course, policy of
aggression and provocation);
 Clerical language stamps inf
luenced by the
official business style (at this stage, as of
today, in this period of time);
 Colloquial words and expressions (to bar,
to ban, to ax, slang - to snog (to kiss),
booze (alcohol)) [2,
Researchers have noted a large percentage of
proper names: toponyms, anthroponyms,
names of institutions and organizations, etc., a
higher percentage of numerals and an
abundance of dates compared to other styles.
From the etymological point of view, there is
an abundance of international words and a
tendency to innovations, which, however,
very quickly turn into clichés: vital issue, free
world, pillar of society, escalation of war,
terrible tension, plea of mercy, phraseological
phrases: to give smb. the boot (to fire). The
abundance of clichés has long been noticed
and is pointed out by all researchers. All of
these clichés, as well as some litotes like not
unimportant, not unworthy, etc., give the text
a profound sound, even if its content is
completely trivial, for example: in my opinion
it is not an unjustifiable assumption that
instead of I think. Clichés serve situations that
are regularly repeated within the newspaper
style. Many clichés are drawn from
professional jargon (polit. hard-liner
conservative), many from general slang (think-
tank brain).
The author of the article under discussion
notes a large percentage of abstract words,
although the information is, as a rule,
concrete. There is an abundance of evaluative
and expressive vocabulary rather than
emotional: When the last Labour Government
was kicked out. (Daily Mail). This evaluative
nature is often evident in the choice of
elevated vocabulary.
Finally, a feature of the publicistic style are
allusions to well-known facts and events of
the day. The most frequent allusions are
found in articles commenting on the eve
nts of
the internal life of the country. Depending on
the nature of the newspaper, on the content
of the article itself, on the purpose pursued by

the author, the nature of the allusions, the

type of imagery and the ratio of colloquial and
bookish elements in the article change.
In the newspaper-publicistic style there is a
vocabulary of professionalisms. The purpose is
to facilitate the perception of information by
the reader, to achieve a certain
communicative impact. Political terms express
precisely defined political concepts, such as
republic, monarchy, national servanty.
Also worth noting is the replacement of a
simple verb with a stable combination, which
adds extra syllables to each sentence and
creates the impression of greater fluidity:
militate against, make contact with, be
subjected to, have the effect of, play a leading