Results-oriented Budget Practice in oecd countries odi working Papers 209

Term Definition 
Source 
party (usually to the public either individually or 
collectively) and comprise the majority of day-to-day 
interaction between people and government. Outputs 
include things such as issuing licences, investigations, 
assessing applications for benefits and providing 
policy advice. 
Processes 
Processes are the ways inputs are aligned to bring 
about outputs 
Kristensen et al, 2002 
Result
The consequence attributed to the activities of an 
organisation, policy, program or initiative. Results is a 
general term that often includes both outputs produced 
and outcomes achieved by a given organisation, 
policy, program or initiative. In the government's 
agenda for results-based management and in Results 
for Canadians, the term result refers exclusively to 
outcomes. 
Treasury Board of 
Canada Secretariat, 2001 
Results based 
management 
A comprehensive, life cycle, approach to management 
that integrates business strategy, people, processes and 
measurements to improve decision-making and drive 
change. The approach focuses on getting the right 
design early in a process, implementing performance 
measurement, learning and changing, and reporting 
performance. 
Treasury Board of 
Canada Secretariat, 2001 
Results-based 
Management and 
Accountability
Framework 
(RMAF)
A document which serves as a blueprint for managers 
to help them focus on measuring and reporting on 
outcomes throughout the lifecycle of a policy, 
program or initiative. 
Treasury Board of 
Canada Secretariat, 2001 
Stakeholders 
People, organisations or groups with an interest or 
stake in the line of business. Stakeholder groups may 
include
beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries from the target 
group; decision-makers and activity staff; 
those with an interest in the activity (for example, 
advocacy groups and central agencies); 
those who are adversely or unintentionally affected by 
the intervention. 
Chan et al (2002) 
Targets
Quantifiable performance levels or changes in level to 
be attained by a specified date. By enabling a direct 
judgement of performance, targets can clarify and 
simplify the process of performance monitoring.
Chan et al (2002)