Russian Media Model: Ownership Structures Professor Elena Vartanova


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Russian Media Model: Ownership Structures

  • Professor Elena Vartanova

  • Faculty of Journalism

  • Moscow State University/

  • Aleksander Institute, Helsinki University


Types of Ownership

  • State companies: VGTRK, ITAR-TASS, RIA ‘Novosti’

  • Mixed ownership: Channel 1

  • Private companies

    • Large recourse companies with core sectors outside media business (Prof-Media, Gazprom-media)
    • Large industrial enterprises with various interests (AiF, MK)
    • Companies with core media businesses (radio: Russkaja Media Grouppa; magazines: Hachette-Fillipacci-Sckulev, Id Rodionov)


Top Publishing Companies



State Owned VGTRK

  • CEO Oleg Dobrodeyev

  • Structure

    • TV: 3 federal channels
      • Rossija: penetration - 90%, rating - 20-22%
      • Kultura,
      • Sport
      • + Euronews Russia, RTR Planeta, Vesti-24
    • Radio:
      • 3 nation-wide news channels: Radio Rossiji, Golos Rossiji, Mayak
      • 3 light music stations for ‘ordinary people’: Orfey, Yunost’, Nostalgia
    • News agency: RIA ‘Novosti’
    • Regional companies: 80 GTRK


What Owns Gazprombank?

  • Gazprom Media (Nikolai Senkevich)

  • 94,14% shares of Gazprom Media are owned by state company Gazprom

  • Rumors about IPO

  • Radio

      • RadioDom Gazprom Media: 4 stations,
      • Ekho of Moscow’
    • TV
      • NTV
      • TNT
      • NTV+ (digital satellite)
      • NTV Media (TV advertising)
    • Print media
      • ‘7 dnei’ publishing house (4 magazines: 2 glossy + 1TVguide +1 political weekly)
      • Tribuna (daily)
      • Izvesija (daily)


Interros Holding Company: Media Interests

  • Prof-Media

    • Print media
      • Komsomolskaya pravda (daily)
      • Sovetskiji sport (daily)
      • Express gazeta (daily)
      • Belorousskaya gazeta (daily)
      • 4 magazines
    • Radio
      • Radio corporation ‘Prof-media’: 4 stations
    • Online
      • Rambler (IPO in 2005)
    • Distribution
      • Delivery network ‘Segodnya’
      • Printing plant ‘Prof-Media Print’
      • Cinema ‘Cinema park’


New Player: Promsvyaz’kapital

  • Promsvyaz’kapital= Promsvyaz’bank

  • Media assets

    • Print media
      • Trud (daily, purchased by $8 mln)
      • AiF (control share)
    • Distribution: retail networks
      • Mosoblpechat (Moscow)
      • Metropress (St. Petersburg)
    • Printing house: ‘Media pressa’


RMG - Leader of Radio Market

  • CEO and owner Sergey Kozhevnikov

  • Radio

    • 6 stations: Russkoje Radio, Russkoje Radio-2, Dynamite FV, Maximum, Monte Carlo,Hit FM
  • Advertising

    • Gramophone Reklama
  • Production

    • Gramophone Records
  • Concert Activities

    • Rosconcert
  • Print Media

    • ‘Penguin’ magazine


Changes at Magazines Market

  • Publishing House ‘Sekret firmy’

    • Weeklies: 3
    • Online: Gazeta.ru
    • Books
    • Events
  • Publishing House ‘Rodionov’: Rodionov-50% shares, Makhmoudov and Bokarev-both 25% (Ural and Kousbass mining company)

    • Weeklies: 3
    • Glossies: 3
    • Specialized magazines: 2
    • Recent purchaise: daily ‘Business’ bought from ‘Sekret firmy’


Kommersant: Restructuring Management

  • Owner: Berezovsky? Patarkatsashvili?

  • Alisher Usmanov! (08.2006), estimate price: $ 200 mln.

    • United Editorial office (joint technical services)
      • Kommersant (daily)
      • Den’gi (weekly)
      • Vlast’ (weekly)
      • Avtopilot (monthly)
    • Molotok (monthly)


Foreign ownership

  • Bertelsmann

    • RenTV: 30% shares bought from Lesnevsky’ family (the rest - 70% - was sold by RAO ‘EES Rossii’ to Severstal Group, which in turn re-sell 35% to Surgutneftegaz Group)
  • Sanoma

    • Independent Media
      • Magazines: 20, including Cosmopolitan, Harper’s Bazaar, Men’s Health, Esquire, Harvard Business Review
      • Newspapers: The Moscow Times, The St. Petersburg Times, Vedomosti, Na Roublevke
      • Publishing House ‘Alpina Business Books’


Ownership and Management Relations: Models



Major Pressures over Russian Media

  • Soviet Media

  • Integrated Political & Business Elite (Nomenklatura)

  • Ideological Guidance (censorship+self-censorship)

  • Operation of the media economy

  • Audiences

  • (letters to media)



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