Selection of our books indexed in the Book Citation Index in Web of Science™ Core Collection (bkci)
Download 0.87 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
+ve
) /blueness (b* ve ) is represented by b*, and 1976 CIE L*a*b* colour space diagram represent total colour differences value by ∆E or ∆ E * (as shown in Figures 4 and 5). Where, L ∗ ¼ 116 Y=Y o ð Þ 1=3 – 16, Δ L ∗ ¼ L ∗ 1 – L ∗ 2 (5) a ∗ ¼ 500 X=X o ð Þ 1=3 – Y=Y o ð Þ 1=3 h i , Δa ∗ ¼ a ∗ 1 – a ∗ 2 (6) b ∗ ¼ 200 Y=Y o ð Þ 1=3 – Z=Z o ð Þ 1=3 h i , Δb ∗ ¼ b ∗ 1 – b ∗ 2 (7) Figure 4. CIE-L* a* b* system of colour difference plot to determine ∆L*, ∆a* and ∆b* values of a pair. Figure 5. Example of metameric match under two different illuminant (day light and Fluoroscent light conditions. 5 Basic Principles of Colour Measurement and Colour Matching of Textiles and Apparels DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101442 Chroma, (psychometric chroma) values in CIELAB colour space [1–3] was calculated as follows: C ab ð Þ ∗ ¼ a ∗ 2 þ b ∗ 2 1=2 , ΔC ∗ ¼ C ∗ 1 ab ð Þ – C ∗ 2 ab ð Þ (8) Where, C* 1(ab) and C* 2(ab) are the chroma values for standard and produced sample. CIE 1976 metric Hue-Difference (∆H) for CIELAB system [1–3] was calculated as follows: Δ H ab ¼ ΔE ab ∗ ð Þ 2 Δ L ∗ ð Þ 2 C ab ∗ ð Þ 2 h i 1=2 (9) Total Colour Differences [1–3]: Δ E ∗ ¼ ΔL ∗ ð Þ 2 þ Δa ∗ ð Þ 2 þ Δb ∗ ð Þ 2 h i 1 = 2 (10) As per Kubelka Munk Equation [1–3]. Surface colour Strength (K/S value) of Coloured flat surface is: K=S ¼ Co ‐efficient of absorption Co ‐efficient of scattering ¼ 1 R λ max ð Þ 2 2R λ max ¼ αC D (11) Where K is the coefficient of absorption; S, the coefficient of scattering; and R ʎmax, is the Reflectance value at maximum absorbance wavelength (λmax) and C D is the dye concentration and α is the constant. For use mixture of colourants to obtain a compound shades on the surface of textiles or similar substrate, as K/S is additive in nature, it can be represented as follows: K=S ð Þ MAX ¼ K=S ð Þ subsþ K=S ð Þ 1 þ K=S ð Þ 2 þ K=S ð Þ 3 þ … … ¼ K=S ð Þ subs þ λ 1 C 1 þ λ 2 C 2 þ λ 3 C 3 þ … … : (12) Moreover, plot of dye concentration Vs K/S value is linear in relation and is easier to predict for any unknown concentration of dyes, while plot of Reflectance vs. dye concentration is non linear in relation and is difficult to predict and hence K/S is an important surface colour measuring criteria of textiles, against application of increase or decrease in dye concentration on same or similar fabrics. For coloured textile materials, it may be presumed that dye molecules are not contributing to change in scattering and therefore K integrated over visible wave- length is the total sum of absorption of dyestuff and textile substrate (so, if sub- strate is not changed, scattering is not changed). Therefore, surface colour strength i.e. K/S value is directly proportional with concentration of dye molecules and the scattering value of the dyed textile sample is not dependent on the concentration of dye stuff (but that is not true for the case of pigments in paint or binded over textile substrate with binder chemicald and fixed on the surface of the materials). So, for textile substrate, it is single constant theory of Colour Matching applicable for all textile materils. Hence, for any textile surface, for the particular dyed/coloured textile sample (Fibre, Yarn and Fabric construction and type and amount of surface deposited 6 Colorimetry (coated or impregnated)finish remains un-altered), and scattering values remains constant always, if textile fabric used is not changed. Thus higher is the K/S value, meant higher is the absorption value, meant higher absorption value signifying or indicating higher surface dye uptake, governed by following formulae. K=S ð Þ mix ¼ C 1 K=S ð Þ 1 þ C 2 K=S ð Þ 2 þ C 3 K=S ð Þ 3 (13) K=S ð Þ dyed substrate ¼ C 0 K=S ð Þ un dyed substrate þ C 1 K=S ð Þ d 1 þ C 2 K=S ð Þd 2 þ C 3 K=S ð Þd 3 (14) Finally, reflectance Vs. dye concentration is not linear & is difficult to interpolate or curve fitting. While K/S Vs. dye concentration is linear can be interpolated thus can be used in computerised colour measurement and matching software . Download 0.87 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling