Seminar 5 Ergashev Khasan

Seminar 5

Ergashev Khasan

302 a

1 Middle English dialects

There are certain dialects of Middle English. Especially they are four

1. 
   Kentish –was spoken over the whole southeaster part of English, including London and Essex, however during the ME period it was the area steadily diminished by the encroachment of the East Midland dialect.
   
2. 
   Southern – was in the area of west of Sussex, south, and southwest of the Thames. The dialect was descendant of the West Saxon dialect of old English.
   
3. 
   Northern- these developed dialect is the result of Scandinavian
   
4. 
   East midland and west-midland - the dialect was influenced by the Scandinavian
   

2 Ways of formation of Middle English vocabulary

Loss of endings in weak final position

OE gamen → ME game

OE sittan → ME sitten → sit

Phonetics (of a speech sound) sounded with a hissing effect, for example s, sh

Assibilation OE palatal [k’] developed into the affricate [t∫]

[k’] → [t∫] OE cild, ælc → ME child, each

[sk’] → [∫] OE scip, scinan → ME ship, shinen

[g’] → [dʒ] OEbrycʒ, secʒan, lecʒan →

3 Derivational (word formational)in Middle English

The ME period sees the influx of a huge umber of loanwords. The main sources are Scandinavian, French and Latin.

Whitby, derby

the native English word friendship; the substantive moiety (also found in Shakespeare) gave way to the native word half

4 Latin borrowings in Middle English

Direct borrowings from Latin language were a stylistic affectation of the 15^th century Scottish Chaucerian such as James I, Henryson , and Dunbar. Some of those words have been dropped from English (or never really made it in) while others have survived , e,g., diurnal(daily or daytime) , tenebrous (dark), laureate, mediation, oriental , prolixity….